HEART RATE: LABORATORY REACTIVITY VS 24-HOUR VARIABILIT

目前的行为医学研究调查了行为的作用 在心血管疾病的发展中的压力。隐含在 这些心理生理学研究的大部分理论基础都是假设。 每个人对压力的反应特征不同 家庭和工作中的情况，这些差异可能是 通过观察心血管疾病的个体差异可靠地确定 对具有挑战性的实验室任务的反应能力。这里提出的研究将 通过比较个体心率的差异来检验这些假设 (HR)在具有挑战性的实验室任务和24小时不间断工作中的反应能力 HR反应性。结果应该为假设提供必要的支持 当前重要的心理生理学研究的基础。 研究1将考察人力资源的个体差异程度 对挑战性实验室任务的反应能力普遍适用于动态人力资源 在日常生活中。72名健康的年轻男子每人将完成一项 实验室会议，在此期间，他们将安静地坐着，然后表演 三项具有挑战性的精神运动或认知任务；一项24小时不间断作业 记录日期，期间将记录HR和体力活动 一分钟一分钟；一次最大运动试验分级。主 假设是，与非反应堆相比，实验室的HR反应堆将 显示更大的平均和最大日间动态心率和更长的日间 动态心率变异性，但基础和日间最低活动时间相似 人力资源。由运动试验得出的机能有氧能力的测量 和活动的体力活动和情绪将被用来调查 这些因素对实验室之间获得的关系的贡献 和动态人力资源。研究2检查了一年多来的稳定性 实验室HR反应性和动态HR的个体差异 可变性。研究2的受试者将在一年后被招募重复 实验室、门诊和锻炼程序与研究程序相同 1. 研究3将检验以下假设：动态心率在几天内会更高 相对较高的生活压力或挑战，这种差异将 与非反应堆相比，实验室HR反应堆的效率最高。每人36人 医学生将完成一节实验室课程，两节门诊课程 记录天数和一次分级运动测试。提供一天的动态记录 将是挑战相对较小的一天(上课)；另一天将是 是具有相对较高挑战性的一天(病人护理实践)。 实验室、门诊和运动测试程序将与 这些都是研究L的。

Current behavioral medicine research investigates the role of behavioral stress in the development of cardiovascular disease. Implicit in the rationale for much of this psychophysiological research are assumptions that individuals differ in characteristic reactivity to stressful situations at home and at work, and that these differences can be identified reliably by observing individual differences in cardiovascular reactivity to challenging laboratory tasks. The studies proposed here will test these assumptions by comparing individual differences in heart rate (HR) reactivity during challenging laboratory tasks and 24-hour ambulatory HR reactivity. The results should provide needed support for assumptions underlying important current psychophysiological research. Study 1 will examine the extent to which individual differences in HR reactivity to challenging laboratory tasks generalize to ambulatory HR during usual daily life. Each of 72 healthy young men will complete one laboratory session, during which they will sit quietly and then perform three challenging psychomotor or cognitive tasks; one 24-hour ambulatory recording day, during which HR and physical activity will be recorded minute-by-minute; and one graded maximal exercise test. The main hypotheses are that, compared to nonreactors, laboratory HR reactors will show greater mean and maximum daytime ambulatory HR and greater daytime ambulatory HR variability, but similar basal and minimum daytime ambulatory HR. Measures of functional aerobic capacity derived from the exercise test and of ambulatory physical activity and emotion will be used to investigate contributions of these factors to obtained relationships between laboratory and ambulatory HR. Study 2 examines the stability over one year of individual differences in laboratory HR reactivity and ambulatory HR variability. Study 2 subjects will be recruited one year later to repeat laboratory, ambulatory and exercise procedures identical to those of Study 1. Study 3 will test the hypotheses that ambulatory HR will be higher on days of relatively high life stress or challenge, and that this difference will be greatest for laboratory HR reactors compared to nonreactors. Each of 36 medical students will complete one laboratory session, two ambulatory recording days, and one graded exercise test. One ambulatory recording day will be a day of relatively low challenge (going to class); the other will be a day of relatively high challenge (patient care practicum). Laboratory, ambulatory, and exercise test procedures will be identical to those of Study l.