VISUAL CORTEX--CELLULAR BASIS FOR NORADRENERGIC ACTIONS

去甲肾上腺素(NE)在视觉和其他方面发挥不同的作用 新皮质区域。NE的集体行动对 协调外周交感神经活动和目标导向 由外部刺激引起的行为。三种宽泛的灯光 并提出了电子显微镜免疫细胞化学研究 为生物多样性确定可能的细胞底物 视觉皮质中的去甲肾上腺素能活动。具体地说， 细胞的层流分布和终止的亚细胞位置 儿茶酚胺能(CA)传入及其与B-受体的关系 肾上腺素能受体(BAR)或其他四种假定受体之一 递质，乙酰胆碱(Ach)，GABA，神经肽Y(NPY)和 将检测血管活性肠肽(VIP)。过氧化物酶- 抗过氧化物酶和/或免疫放射自显影标记方法将 被用来定位抗血清的抗原部位 儿茶酚胺和乙酰胆碱合成酶、BAR和 后三个发射机。CAT将是主要的实验 动物，因为绝大多数关于视觉的文学作品 生理学和发育可塑性已在 这个物种。具体目标是确定：(1)是否 CA终端在它们与(A)的关系中表现出异质性 靶点(即圆周VS树突VS轴突)或(B) BAR的定位(即神经元与神经胶质、突触前与突触 突触后与突触外)；(2)胆碱能终末 与CA终端有特定的蜂窝关系；以及(3)是否 含有GABA、NPY或VIP的神经元在 它们与CA终末或其他未标记的细胞联系 神经元。通过将超微结构识别的位置与 细胞与光的联系及其相对频率 显微镜下确定的层流位置，功能和 这些递质的细胞结构相互关系应该 开始浮出水面。这些信息对于理解 视觉机制和其他形式的感官知觉 并可能对了解其后果具有临床意义 在发育过程中感觉被剥夺。

Norepinephrine (NE) exerts diverse actions in visual and other neocortical areas. The collective actions of NE are important for coordinating peripheral sympathetic activities and goal-directed behaviors evoked by external stimuli. Three broadly based light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical studies are proposed to determine possible cellular substrates for the diversity of noradrenergic actions in the visual cortex. Specifically, the laminar distribution and subcellular sites of termination of catecholaminergic (CA) afferents and their relation to the B- adrenergic receptor (BAR) or one of four other putative transmitters, acetylcholine (Ach), GABA, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) will be examined. Peroxidase- antiperoxidase and/or immunoautoradiographic labeling methods will be used to localize antigenic sites for antisera against the catecholamine- and acetylcholine-synthesizing enzymes, BAR and the latter three transmitters. Cat will be the primary experimental animal, because the vast majority of the literature on visual physiology and developmental plasticity has been established in this species. The specific goals are to determine: (1) whether the CA terminals exhibit heterogeneity in their relations to (a) the target sites (i.e. perikaryal vs dendritic vs axonal) or (b) the localization of BAR, (i.e. neuronal vs glial, presynaptic vs postsynaptic vs extrajunctional); (2) whether cholinergic terminals have specific cellular relations to CA terminals; and (3) whether neurons containing GABA, NPY or VIP show laminar variations in their cellular associations with CA terminals or other unlabeled neurons. By correlating the ultrastructurally identified sites of cellular associations and their relative frequencies with light microscopically identified laminar positions, the functional and cytoarchitectonic interrelationship of these transmitters should begin to emerge. This information is important for understanding the mechanism of vision and other modalities of sensory perception and may be of clinical relevance in understanding the consequences of sensory deprivation during development.