IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES IN ECTOTHERMIC VERTEBRATES

总体目标是更好地理解细胞和亚细胞 鱼的免疫反应。 大多数拟议的工作都集中在 研究体外诱导和调节的步骤， 斑点叉尾鱼对TD和TI抗原的抗体应答， 具有相当重要经济价值的硬骨鱼， 具有类似于高等动物的B细胞、T细胞和辅助细胞。 提出实验来回答五个重要的基本问题， 在任何鱼类中。 1)鱼有可分离的帮手和 抑制细胞相互作用来调节免疫反应？ 2)是 鱼免疫应答所必需的抗原加工和/或呈递， 如果有，是什么细胞执行这一功能？ 3)鱼有免疫反应吗 涉及一系列白细胞介素，如IL-1， IL-2和BCGF（s）？ 4)什么是关键的早期事件涉及在 激活鱼淋巴细胞用于有丝分裂和随后的 差异化？ 5)鱼的T和B细胞质膜是否表现出 不同的结构和功能特性？ 的答案 将评估问题的反应性贡献（如果有的话）， 低温免疫抑制鱼类对TD的初级抗体应答 抗原 完成这些拟议的研究不仅将提供 迄今为止缺乏比较或系统发育方面的信息 但也可以解释已经确立的， 对低温免疫抑制现象知之甚少， 所有的冷血脊椎动物。 此外， 通过生理学相关的环境来操纵鱼类的免疫反应 温度变化为研究内部相互作用增加了一个新的维度 鱼的免疫系统是不可行的， 研究了高吸热的动物。

The overall objective is to better understand the cellular and subcellular aspects of immune responses in fish. Most of the proposed work is focused on studying the steps involved in the induction and regulation of in vitro antibody responses to TD and TI antigens with the channel catfish, a teleost fish of considerable economic importance and previously shown to have B cells, T cells and accessory cells akin to those in higher animals. Experiments are proposed to answer five important basic questions yet to be approached in any fish species. 1) Do fish have separable helper and suppressor cells which interact to regulate immune responses? 2) Is antigen processing and/or presentation necessary for fish immune responses, and if so, what cell(s) performs this function? 3) Do fish immune reponses involve the participation of a spectrum of interleukins, such as Il-1, IL-2, and BCGF(s)? 4) What are the critical early events involved in the activation of fish lymphocytes for mitogenesis and subsequent differentiation? 5) Do fish T and B cell plasma membranes exhibit different structural and functional properties? The answers to these questions will be evaluated for their reactive contributions, if any, to low temperature iommunosuppression of fish primary antibody responses to TD antigens. Completion of these proposed studies will not only provide heretofore lacking information on the comparative or phylogenetic aspects of specific immune responses but may also explain the well established but poorly understood phenomenon of low temperature immunosuppression seen in all ectothermic (cold blooded) vertebrates. Furthermore the ability to manipulate fish immune responses by physiologically relevant environmental temperature changes adds a novel dimension to studying interactions within the immune system of fish that is not feasible with the more commonly studied higher endothermic animals.