Next generation paper

纸的技术是如此古老和无处不在，我们已经停止认为它是一种技术。尽管如此，纸张和墨水仍在不断发展，从2000年前中国最早的实验记录羊皮纸上的笔迹，到德国中世纪的印刷机，再到真彩色数字图像印刷的现代进步。直到最近，这些发展已经将纸视为用于呈现视觉信息的被动阅读表面。然而，印刷电子产品和增强现实的出现为纸带来了一种新的交互可能性：它可以与周围的事物进行交流，特别是，它可以触发在附近的数字设备上以视觉和听觉形式呈现叠加或附加信息。对于数字内容经济来说，这是纸的一个潜在的革命性发展，因为它开始前所未有地将传统上分开的印刷书籍和杂志的媒体形式与音乐，电影和万维网上的信息联系在一起。纸张既可以成为信息的载体，也可以成为超越自身的进一步信息的界面。在这个项目中，我们的目标是将这些属性开发成一个通用的大众媒体“下一代”的文件。我们将利用图像识别和印刷电子技术的发展，在一个共同的交互框架内，探索两种技术轨迹，以支持短期和长期的交互式纸张。这一框架将与新的和正在出现的媒体链接MPEG标准相结合，使媒体制作者能够以共同的国际格式制作印刷和数字混合互动文件。该框架本身将由一个多学科的科学家和工程师团队在一个有前途的应用领域工作，并体现在一个创作工具包，用于创建具有打印组件的交互式电子书。计算机科学家和电子工程师将与媒体和互动设计师，社会科学家和商业研究人员合作，设计，探索和测试旅游和旅游的互动印刷书籍的范例。旅游领域既有前途，也有挑战性，因为它仍然利用印刷和在线信息的专业内容来指导游客的选择，并在社会和个人媒体上捕捉游客的评论和经验。因此，我们将与旅游公司和出版业合作，制作一系列专业的旅游书籍，这些书籍具有互动特性，可以在各种设备上播放额外的内容。我们还将与游客自己合作，评估这些互动旅游书籍的可用性和实用性，并创建他们自己的旅游体验的多媒体相册或游记，内容分散在纸张，屏幕和扬声器上。这些调查将通过先前的民族志研究了解整个旅游旅程中使用纸质和屏幕信息的情况，以确定问题和以新方式结合它们的机会。它们还将得到核心技术开发的支持，以实现一种实用而强大的方式，从印刷书籍表面的翻页和指向动作中触发媒体播放，通过高架摄像头或连接到书脊中的无线芯片的光敏贴片进行感应。最后，该技术的商业潜力将在项目的下半年进行专门的商业调查。这将涉及到对交互式纸张图像识别的即时和短期潜力的考虑，以及不需要相机的印刷电子产品的长期潜力。

The technology of paper is so old and so ubiquitous that we have stopped thinking of it as a technology. Nevertheless, paper and ink has continued to evolve from the earliest experiments to record handwriting on parchment in China 2000 years ago, to the medieval printing press in Germany, and modern advances in the printing of true colour digital images. Until recently, these developments have treated paper as a passive reading surface for the presentation of visual information. However, the advent of printed electronics and augmented reality have brought a new interactive possibility to paper: that it could communicate with things around it. In particular, it can be made to trigger the presentation of overlaid or adjunct information in both visual and auditory form on nearby digital devices. This is a potentially revolutionary development of paper for the digital content economy, because it begins to tie together as never before, traditionally separate media forms of printed books and magazines with music, film and information on the world wide web. Paper can become both a carrier of information and an interface to further information beyond itself. In this project, we aim to develop these properties into a generic mass media 'next generation' paper. We will harness developments in both image recognition and printed electronics to explore two technical trajectories for the support of interactive paper over the short and long term, within a common interaction framework. This framework will be tied into new and emerging MPEG standards for media linking, to allow media producers to author hybrid print-and-digital interactive documents in a common international format. The framework itself will be generated by a multidisciplinary team of scientists and engineers working in a promising domain of application, and embodied in an authoring toolkit for creating interactive e-books with printed components. Computer scientists and electronic engineers will collaborate with media and interaction designers, social scientists and business researchers to design, explore and test the paradigm of interactive printed books for travel and tourism. The travel domain is both promising and challenging, because it still makes use of both printed and online information in professional content to guide tourist choices, and in the capture of tourist reviews and experiences in social and personal media. For this reason we will work with travel companies and the publishing industry to generate a series of professional travel books which have interactive properties for playing back additional content on a variety of devices. We will also work with tourists themselves to evaluate the usability and usefulness of these interactive travel books, and to create multimedia photobooks or travelogues of their own travel experiences, with content separated across paper, screen and speakers. These investigations will be informed by a prior ethnographic study of the use of paper and screen-based information across the tourist journey, to identify the problems and opportunities for combining them in new ways. They will also be underpinned by core technology development to realise a practical and robust way of triggering media playback from page turning and pointing actions over the surface of a printed book, sensed either by an overhead camera or by light sensitive patches wired to a wireless chip in the spine of the books. Finally, the commercial potential of the technology will be examined and defined in a dedicated business investigation in the second half of the project. This will involve consideration of the immediate and short term potential of image recognition for interactive paper, as well as the longer term potential of printed electronics where a camera is not required.