Fostering Adaptive Governance and Resilience in Local Communities of Central Eurasia: From fragmented pasts to connected futures?

从中国边境到欧洲边缘的这一地区，历史上有着漫长的贸易路线、文化联系和由此产生的文化多元性。它曾经是通过古代丝绸之路进行全球贸易的缩影，其遗迹点缀着景观。然而，在苏联解体后，这是世界上少数几个区域内贸易流量实际上下降的地区之一。在独裁政权下，各国都在努力塑造自己的民族主义新形象。（后）苏联文化和经济空间的分裂强化了边界，限制了流动性，重新定义了“国家”身份，而不是跨区域的共同点。这种情况正在迅速改变，因为中国的“一带一路”倡议试图重新激活连接欠发达西部与欧洲的古老丝绸之路。其结果是，甚至在基础设施完全发展之前，脆弱的国家和社会就产生了新的希望和恐惧。这个GCRF集群将绘制出规划中的（国家主导的，自上而下的）基础设施（以及全球化的其他压力）与新丝绸之路之后想象中的未来之间的差异。这些以过境为主导的经济走廊的影响因社区、经济部门、地点和性别而异。它们唤起了遥远的联系和全球流动，真实的和想象的，有意的和无意的，渴望的和恐惧的，改变了曾经分离的地方的连通性。但它们也会切断当地现有的交通联系，切断当地的交通，它们会带来路过的贸易和路过的麻烦--例如，世界银行报告说，在亚洲，女性的经济收益和沿着高速公路发展的性剥削都在增加。这些数据累积起来，带来了一套关于这些国家不断变化的连通感的强有力的基线数据。在集群中，他们将共同探讨参与性方法如何为经济走廊的更具包容性的治理开辟道路-寻找可能在欧亚大陆中部的文化和治理背景下发挥作用的工具。我们将探索社区如何找到方法来表达他们不同的和相互冲突的时空连接的未来。在这一呼吁的初始阶段，该小组将重点关注两个案件-一个在该地区的东端，一个在西端。在东端，乌兹别克斯坦的安格伦是一个重工业城市，当苏联时代穿越哈萨克斯坦的运输路线变得国际化并受到政治障碍的影响时，这个城市就衰落了。现在，中国建造的一条19.2公里长的隧道和铁路连接了3000米的山脉，将其与乌兹别克斯坦的其他地区连接起来，有望在延伸到高加索，阿拉伯海和欧洲的东西经济走廊上开辟新的未来。但却让它受制于中国的运输，既有法律的也有非法的。在西部，白俄罗斯是从中亚经俄罗斯进入欧洲的欧亚陆地走廊的门户。新中国领导的斯韦特洛戈尔斯克的发展带来了新产业、新市场和移民的希望。其目标是：（一）在上述选定的案例中试行社区参与式的参与模式;（二）与区域政策界讨论最佳做法适应性治理技术，以便今后在地方、次区域、区域和国际各级发展更可持续的参与模式（第二阶段）。

The region of stretching from the border of China to the edge of Europe is marked by a history of long distance trading routes, cultural connections and resulting cultural plurality. It was once the epitome of global trade through the ancient Silk Routes, whose relics dot the landscape. After the collapse of the Soviet Union however this is one of the few areas of the world where intra-regional trade flows have actually declined. States have struggled to fashion themselves with new nationalist imaginaries, under often authoritarian regimes. The fragmentation of (post-)soviet cultural and economic space hardened borders, limited mobility and reinscribed 'national' identities rather than cross-regional commonalities. This situation is rapidly changing as China's 'Belt and Road Initiative' seeks to re-energise the old Silk Routes connecting its less developed West overland to Europe. The result, even before the infrastructure is fully developed, is new sets of hopes and fears in fragile states and societies. This GCRF cluster will map the discrepancies between projected (state-led, top down) infrastructures (and other pressures of globalisation) and imagined futures in the wake of the New Silk Roads. The effects of these transit-led economic corridors are differentiated between communities , economic sectors, places and genders. They summon up distant connections and global flows, real and imagined, intended and unintended, desired and feared changing the connectedness of once separate places. But they can also disconnect existing local connections, cutting across local transport, they can bring passing trade and passing trouble - where, for instance, the Worldbank reports both of female economic gains but also rising sexual exploitation along highway development in Asia.This cluster brings together 3 GCRF projects that span 7 countries across central Eurasia. Cumulatively they bring a powerful set of baseline data about changing senses of connectedness in the countries. Together in the cluster they will explore how participatory methods might open ways for more inclusive governance of economic corridors - looking for tools that might work in the cultural and governance contexts of Central Eurasia. We will explore how communities can find ways to articulate their different and clashing spatio-temporal imaginaries of connected futures. The cluster will focus of two cases in this initial phase of the call - one at the Eastern and one at the Western end of the region. At the Eastern end, Angren in Uzbekistan is a heavy industrial town that suffered decline when Soviet era transport routes across Kazakhstan became international and subject to political barriers. Now a 19.2km Chinese built tunnel and rail link through 3000m mountains connects it to the rest of Uzbekistan promising a new future on E-W economic corridors stretching to the Caucasus, the Arabian Sea and Europe. But leaves it beholden to Chinese transport and flows both legal and illicit. At the Western, Belarus is the gateway for the Eurasian Land Corridor from Central Asia via Russia into Europe. New Chinese led developments in Svetlogorsk, bring the promise of new industries, new markets but also migrants. The objectives are (i) to pilot communal participatory engagement models in the above-chosen cases, and (ii) to discuss best practice adaptive governance techniques with regional policy communities, in order to develop more sustainable modes of engagement with the wider region - at the local, sub-regional, regional, and international levels - in the future (phase II).