CCP-QC: Collaborative Computational Project - Quantum Computinge-

CCP-QC是一个连接计算科学家与量子计算科学家和工程师的网络，以开发量子计算机的一些最早有用的应用。量子计算有望从根本上加快计算速度，这是更广泛的量子技术发展的一部分，其中包括更安全的通信、更灵敏的测量和成像。我们的传统计算机，包括手机、现代汽车和互联网供电的计算机，都基于硅半导体技术。在经历了半个世纪的增长之后，硅半导体计算机芯片在过去十年里已经达到了它们所能做的极限。更快的计算需要更多的计算机，这些计算机需要更多的电力，因此这种增长是有限的。量子计算使用不同的逻辑，使某些类型的问题能够更快地计算。工程挑战是巨大的，我们仍然处于相当于20世纪60年代初第一个半导体芯片的阶段。早期的量子计算机已经可用：下一步是开发与这种硬件的能力相适应的应用程序，使我们能够利用它们提供的机会来加快我们的计算速度。材料、化学、物理、生物和工程方面的一组重要计算任务由协作计算项目(CCP)支持的社区开发。CCP-QC将在这些CCP和量子计算社区之间建立网络，使CCP社区能够通过使用量子计算机来增强他们的计算。它将通过组织联合会议、举办培训日来向计算科学家传授量子计算，来实现这一点。支持小型项目开发早期量子计算硬件的原理证明代码和演示，并提供早期量子计算应用的在线信息资源。CCP-QC将与新的国家量子计算中心对接，该中心将于2020年4月启动，总部设在牛津郡的STFC Harwell校园。CCP-QC将使量子计算硬件提供商能够使用对计算科学界重要的真实问题来测试他们的硬件。因此，此类测试的结果可以影响量子计算硬件的发展，导致更快地开发有用的应用程序，以便从早期的量子硬件中提取最佳优势。CCP-QC社区进行的模拟涵盖了广泛的重要应用，从智能材料(例如，更好的太阳能电池和电池)到药物设计(生物分子模拟)。CCP-QC因此将有助于在许多具有广泛科学、社会和经济效益的重要应用中开发更快的计算方法。

CCP-QC is a network linking computational scientists with quantum computing scientists and engineers, to develop some of the first useful applications of quantum computers.Quantum computing is promising fundamentally faster computation as part of broader quantum technology development that includes more secure communications, and more sensitive measurements and imaging.Our conventional computers, including those in mobile phones, modern cars, and powering the internet, are based on silicon semicoductor technology. After half a century of growth, silicon semiconductor computer chips have been at the limit of what they can do for the past decade. Faster computing requires more computers, which use more electricity and this growth is thus limited.Quantum computing uses a different logic, enabling much faster computing for some types of problems.The engineering challenges are formidable, and we are still at the stage equivalent to the first semiconductor chips in the early 1960s. Early quantum computers are already available: developing applications to suit the capabilities of this hardware is the next step, to enable us to take advantage of the opportunities they offer to speed up our computations.An important set of computational tasks in materials, chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering is developed by communities supported by collaborative computational projects (CCPs).CCP-QC will network across these CCPs and the quantum computing community, to enable the CCP communities to enhance their computations by using quantum computers.It will do this by organising joint meetings, holding training days to teach computational scientists about quantum computing, supporting small projects to develop proof-of-principle code and demonstrations on early quantum computing hardware, and providing an online information resource on early quantum computing applications.CCP-QC will interface with the new National Quantum Computing Centre, to be launched in April 2020 and based on the STFC Harwell campus in Oxfordshire. CCP-QC will enable quantum computing hardware providers to have their hardware tested with real problems of importance to the computational science communities.The outcomes of such tests can thus influence the development of quantum computing hardware, leading to faster development of useful applications that are adapted to extract the best advantage from the early quantum hardware.The simulations carried out by the CCP communities cover a wide range of important applications, from smart materials (e.g., better solar cells and batteries) to drug design (bio-molecular simulation).CCP-QC will thus contribute to the development of faster computational methods in many important applications with wide-ranging scientific, social and economic benefits.