CNS SEROTONIN, REGULATION OF PERIPHERAL GLUCOSE METABOLISM

更多的酒精偏好和消费，抑郁的情绪，以及 冲动性攻击被认为在一定程度上是通过减少 中枢5-羟色胺(5-羟色胺)活性。与这一假设一致， 某些可增加中枢5-羟色胺能神经传递(5-羟色胺)的药物 前体、5-羟色胺摄取抑制剂、5-羟色胺受体激动剂)减弱 酒精摄入，改善醉酒患者的记忆功能，并可能 改善科萨科夫精神病患者的记忆功能。 最近，一种可能的非典型糖代谢模式出现在 酗酒冲动的暴力犯罪者明显集中在 5-羟色胺能障碍。在一组冲动型罪犯中，低血糖 在口服葡萄糖耐量试验中被注意到。被观察到的 低血糖可能是由于胰岛素分泌增加所致。它是 相对低血糖状态或异常胰岛素水平可能 助长暴力罪犯的暴力、攻击性行为 中枢5-羟色胺活性明显降低；然而，这一假说有待于 更科学的验证。虽然是合适的动物 还没有进行过能证明因果关系的研究 中枢5-羟色胺活性改变与异常的关系 葡萄糖代谢，有压倒性的证据表明 血糖水平是通过一个复杂的反馈系统来维持的 通过葡萄糖参与交感-肾上腺髓质系统 通过胰岛素和胰岛素动员激素肾上腺素和内分泌胰腺 胰高血糖素分泌。

Increased alcohol preference and consumption, depressed mood, and impulsive aggression are thought to be linked in part through decreased central serotonergic (5-HT) activity. In agreement with this postulate, certain agents which increase central serotonergic neurotransmission (5-HT precursors, 5-HT uptake inhibitors, 5-HT receptor agonists) attenuate ethanol intake, improve memory function in intoxicated patients, and may improve memory functions in patients with Korsakoff's psychosis. Recently, a possible pattern of atypical glucose metabolism has emerged in alcohol abusing impulsive violent offenders with apparent central serotonergic dysfunction. In a group of impulsive offenders, hypoglycemia was noted during an oral glucose tolerance test. The observed hypoglycemia was possibly due to increased insulin secretion. It is possible that a relative hypoglycemic state or abnormal insulin levels may contribute to violent, aggressive behavior in violent offenders with apparently reduced central 5-HT activity; however, this hypothesis awaits substantially more scientific verification. Although appropriate animal studies have not been performed which demonstrate a cause and effect relationship between altered central serotonin activity and abnormal glucose metabolism, there is overwhelming evidence that appropriate glucose levels are maintained through a complex feedback system which involves the sympathoadrenalmedullary system through the glucose mobilizing hormone epinephrine and the endocrine pancreas via insulin and glucagon secretion.