TWO UNITS--MOLECULAR GENETICS & ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

这个项目的直接目标是开发两个模块(9到12个 每周)在为期两年的综合化学/生物课程中使用 高中生的课程设置。第一个模块，“分子 遗传学和人类事务“将从DNA的结构和 引导学生了解人类基因组计划及其 这意味着什么。它将包括组织、复制和 DNA中强调以人为榜样的信息利用 系统。学生们将学习如何克隆基因以及如何分析 在分子水平上的基因。人类遗传学上的问题将是 分子方面的讨论，以及新技术(YAC克隆， 利用RFLP)绘制人类基因组图谱将是 描述。实验室练习将包括聚合酶链式反应在 诊断一种人类突变(可能是镰状细胞特征)，并在 确认一个人的身份。我们创造新基因的能力和 将描述转化细菌、植物细胞和动物细胞， 包括对人类基因治疗前景的讨论。这个 第二单元，“环境化学：小行星上的生命”，Will 注重生物和化学过程的相互作用，强调 关键成分(氧、碳、氮、硫)的循环。 植物、动物和工业活动与空气的相互作用， 将考虑水和土壤，特别关注大气 化学、酸沉积和温室效应。技术 依靠操纵化学品或药物的问题和解决方案 将对生物成分进行分析和比较。在这两种情况下， 教学方法将采用讲授/讨论、实验 实验、个人和视频演示以及计算机模拟。 主要的长期目标是培养受过教育的公民， 在这些领域有科学素养，并有能力思考 对必须做出的选择进行评估。为此，模块将 每个级别都将发展为四个级别：针对挑战(荣誉)学生 高中，为高中主流学生，为基础 (成绩较差的)高中生和成人学生 自愿参加大学学院，继续 华盛顿大学的教育部门。暑期研讨会的材料 对于高中教师来说，也会为每个模块做好准备。一个 次要目标是增加高中生的数量， 特别是女学生和少数族裔学生，有兴趣参与 必要的科学工作来增加我们的认识和 为这些领域当前的问题制定可接受的解决方案。这 将通过使用非正式的“科学中心”进行推广，以及 通过利用暑期实习来激励和有才华的人 学生们。

The immediate goal of this project is to develop two modules (of 9 to 12 weeks each) to be used within an integrated, two-year chemistry/biology curriculum for high school students. The first module, "Molecular Genetics and Human Affairs," will start with the structure of DNA and lead students to an understanding of the Human Genome Project and its implications. It will include work on the organization, replication and utilization of the information in DNA emphasizing the human as a model system. Students will learn how to clone a gene and how to analyze a gene at the molecular level. Problems in human genetics will be discussed in molecular terms, and the new techniques (YAC clones, utilization of RFLP's) being used to map the human genome will be described. Laboratory exercises will include the utilization of PCR in diagnosing a human mutation (probably sickle cell trait) and in identifying an individual. Our ability to create new genes and to transform bacteria, plant cells and animal cells will be described, including a discussion of the prospects for human gene therapy. The second module, "Environmental Chemistry: Life on a Small Planet," will focus on the interplay of biological and chemical processes, emphasizing the cycling of key components (oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur). Interactions of plants, animals, and industrial activities with air, water and soil will be considered, with a special focus on atmospheric chemistry, acidic deposition, and the greenhouse effect. Technical problems and solutions that rely on manipulation of chemical or biological components will be analyzed and compared. In both instances, the instructional approach will utilize lecture/discussion, laboratory experiments, personal and video presentations, and computer simulations. The primary long-term goal is to develop educated citizens, scientifically literate in these areas and capable of thoughtful assessment of choices that must be made. To this end the modules will each be developed at four levels: for challenge (honors) students in high school, for main-stream students in high school, for foundation (low achieving) students in high school, and for adult students voluntarily participating in University College, the continuing education arm of Washington University. Materials for a summer workshop for high school teachers will also be prepared for each module. A secondary goal is to increase the number of high school students, particulary female and minority students, interested in participating in the scientific work necessary to increase our understanding and to develop acceptable solutions to current problems in these areas. This will be promoted through the use of an informal "Sciencing Center," and through the use of summer internships for motivated and talented students.