NEUROBEHAVIORAL AGING--RISK FACTORS FOR CEREBROVASCOLAR, CARDIVASCULAR DISEASE

在过去的4年里，我们研究了神经行为表现 在由213名健康男性(N-92)和女性(N-121)组成的小组中， 年龄从40岁到90岁不等。他们被选中是因为他们没有疾病或 其他会影响中枢神经系统的因素。连 有了严格的选拔标准和可比的教育 观察到各年龄组之间的水平相当不一致。 在认知和精神运动方面的表现。这种异质性 正常老化可分为正常老化，而正常老化是在 外在因素单独加剧了衰老的影响， 当外部因素发挥自然或积极作用时，成功的衰老 角色。所使用的神经行为电池由情绪和 人格问卷、A型行为模式、心理定位 控制、神经心理电池和诱发电位。这 将在受试者返回时重复添加 与脑血管疾病相关的风险因素的测量， 即血压、心脏病(见项目1)、糖尿病 糖尿病(空腹血糖)高脂血症(例如，胆固醇、 低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白2、高密度脂蛋白3)、酒精和香烟的使用。神经科 检查内容包括脑血管功能指标 使用多普勒对颈动脉血流进行定量研究的疾病 体积流量计。双面扫描和眼肺血流图 Will决定狭窄程度和动脉粥样硬化量 颈动脉有斑块。白人的重要性在变化中 正常人与血管疾病相关的中枢神经系统 衰老将通过大脑的核磁共振成像进行可视化。结果将是 分级并与危险因素相关，颈动脉血流研究和 神经行为表现。众所周知，锻炼是有效果的 循环功能和情绪。它对神经行为的影响 使用上述协议的表演将被检查。在 研究项目1和项目2的人群，120名中年人到老年人 男性将参加定期锻炼计划。每个科目 可能与他自己的基线进行比较，除了适当匹配的 久坐组由男性进行纵向研究。分析将 以确定哪个变量或哪组变量 神经行为表现的最强预测者，即， 存在脑血管疾病的危险因素，功能性 衡量颈动脉血流量或心血管健康的指标。

During the past 4 years we have studied neurobehavioral performance in a group of 213 healthy men (N-92) and women (N-121) ranging in age from 40-90. They were selected for the absence of disease or other factors which would affect the central nervous system. Even with this strict selection criterion and comparable education levels considerable heterogeneity within age groups was observed for cognitive and psychomotor performance. This heterogeneity of normal aging may be separated into usual aging which results when extrinsic factors heighten the effects of aging alone and successful aging when extrinsic factors play a natural or positive role. The neurobehavioral battery employed consisted of mood and personality questionnaires, Types A Behavior Pattern, locus of control, neuropsychological battery and evoked potentials. This will be repeated when the subjects return with the addition of measures of risk factors associated with cerebrovascular disease, namely, blood pressure, heart disease (see Project 1) diabetes mellitus (fasting blood sugar) hyperlipidemia (e.g., cholesterol, LDL, HDL2, HDL3), alcohol and cigarette use. A neurological examination will include functional measures of cerebrovascular disease with quantitated carotid flow studies using a Doppler Volume Flow Meter. Duplex scanning and oculopneumoplethysmography will determines degree of stenosis and amount of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries. Whites matter changes in the central nervous system associated with vascular diseases in normal aging will be visualized by MRI of the brain. Results will be graded and correlated with risk factors, carotid flow studies and neurobehavioral performance. Exercise is known to effect circulatory function and mood. Its impact on neurobehavioral performance using the above crotocol will bs examined. In the study populations from Projects 1 and 2, 120 middles age to elderly men will be enrolled in a regular exercise program. Each subject maybe compared to his own baseline besides an appropriately matched sedentary group from men in the longitudinal study. Analysis will be performed to determine which variable or group of variables are the strongest predictor of neurobehavioral performance, namely, presence of risk factors for cerebrovascular disease, functional measures of carotid blood flow or cardiovascular fitness.