Dialling up performance for on demand manufacturing

3D打印引起了广泛的行业的巨大兴奋-它提供了灵活，个性化和按需可扩展的制造，提供了创造具有几何/构图自由和先进功能的新产品的机会，这是传统制造实践所不可能的。3D打印发展迅速：对于聚合物，我们已经看到了通过投影微立体光刻、多材料喷墨打印和双光子聚合技术的发展，我们能够制造高分辨率投影的高功能结构的能力取得了重大进展。随着计算轴向光刻技术的出现，以及最近的“xolo”等工作，体积3d打印也取得了令人兴奋的进展。除了这些进步之外，材料方面也有了发展，例如，在3d打印上使用响应性聚合物和机器学习/人工智能的“4D打印”的出现开始被纳入我们的理解。这些进步的影响是显著的，但3D打印技术正在达到一个临界点，在这个临界点上，必须将多个努力流（材料、设计、工艺、产品）汇集在一起，以克服阻碍工业大规模采用的障碍，即，生产的材料通常性能不佳，并且将它们与特定工艺相匹配是具有挑战性的，几乎没有可用的选择来改变这一点。一般来说，工业界发现采用这种有前途的技术或利用材料或设计的先进功能并不容易，这在我们在该计划资助的目标生物技术行业尤其如此-有采用3D打印的意愿和愿望，但从概念到实现的挑战目前太大了。阻碍采用3D打印的一个关键挑战是从产品想法到产品实现的能力：工作流程的每一步（例如，材料，设计，过程，产品）都有重大的相互依赖的挑战，这意味着只有集成的方法才能最终成功。业界告诉我们，他们需要大大超越目前的理解，制造嵌入高级功能的产品需要能够快速、可预测、可靠地“拨号”性能，以满足特定行业的需求和特定的高级功能。从本质上讲，我们需要采取自下而上的、科学的方法，将材料、设计和工艺整合在一起，从而生产出先进的功能产品。因此，我们必须克服与3d打印识别、选择和加工材料相关的挑战，以促进更广泛地采用这种关键的制造方法，特别是在英国经济的关键部门：再生医学、制药和生物催化。我们的项目将考虑四个研究挑战（rc）：产品：我们如何利用3D打印和先进聚合物来创造21世纪的智能产品，准备在多个领域使用？材料：我们如何创建能够控制高级功能/发布的材料，这些材料是可3D打印的？设计：我们如何使用计算/算法方法来支持材料识别/产品设计？流程：我们如何整合合成、筛选和制造流程，以缩短开发和转换流程，以便我们可以“拨号”材料/性能？通过整合这些挑战，并对如何实现先进，功能强大的定制3D打印产品采取全面，总体的观点，这些产品有可能改变英国高价值生物技术领域及其他领域。

3D Printing elicits tremendous excitement from a broad variety of industry - it offers flexible, personalised and on demand scalable manufacture, affording the opportunity to create new products with geometrical / compositional freedoms and advanced functions that are not possible with traditional manufacturing practices. 3D Printing progresses rapidly: for polymerics, we have seen significant advances in our ability to be able to manufacture highly functional structures with high resolution projection through developments in projection micro stereolithography, multimaterial ink jet printing and two photon polymerisation. There have also been exciting advances in volumetric 3DP with the emergence of Computational Axial Lithography and more recent work such as 'xolo'. Alongside these advances there has also been developments in materials, e.g., in the emergence of '4D printing' using responsive polymers and machine learning / AI on 3DP is beginning to be incorporated into our understanding. The impact of these advances is significant, but 3D printing technology is reaching a tipping point where the multiple streams of effort (materials, design, process, product) must be brought together to overcome the barriers that prevent mass take up by industry, i.e., materials produced can often have poor performance and it is challenging to match them to specific processes, with few options available to change this. Industry in general have not found it easy to adopt this promising technology or exploit advanced functionality of materials or design, and this is particularly true in the biotech industries who we target in this programme grant - there is the will and the aspiration to adopt 3D printing but the challenges in going from concept to realisation are currently too steep. A key challenge stymying the adoption of 3D printing is the ability to go from product idea to product realisation: each step of the workflow (e.g., materials, design, process, product) has significant inter-dependent challenges that means only an integrated approach can ultimately be successful. Industry tells us that they need to go significantly beyond current understanding and that manufacturing products embedded with advanced functionality needs the capability to quickly, predictably, and reliably 'dial up' performance, to meet sector specific needs and specific advanced functionalities. In essence, we need to take a bottom-up, scientific approach to integrate materials, design and process to enable us to produce advanced functional products. It is therefore critical we overcome the challenges associated with identifying, selecting, and processing materials with 3DP in order to facilitate wider adoption of this pivotal manufacturing approach, particularly within the key UK sectors of the economy: regenerative medicine, pharmaceutical and biocatalysis.Our project will consider four Research Challenges (RCs):PRODUCT: How can we exploit 3D printing and advanced polymers to create smart 21st Century products ready for use across multiple sectors? MATERIALS: How can we create the materials that can enable control over advanced functionality / release, that are 3D Printable?DESIGN: How can we use computational / algorithmic approaches to support materials identification / product design? PROCESS: How can we integrate synthesis, screening and manufacturing processes to shorten the development and translation pipeline so that we can 'dial up' materials / properties?By integrating these challenges, and taking a holistic, overarching view on how to realise advanced, highly functional bespoke 3D printed products that have the potential to transform UK high value biotechnology fields and beyond.