Modelling, Validation and Application of Triboelectrification

两种不同材料的碰撞和滑动接触通常与电荷转移有关，导致电荷积累。这导致了大量的处理和加工问题以及爆炸危险，从而降低了制造效率并导致了不合规格的产品和浪费。例如，对容器壁的强粘附和管道中的沉积，损害流动性并加剧混合物中组分的分离，从而扰乱配方。常见的是经历高活性药物填充螺旋喷射磨机（从而扰乱其功能），制剂的组分优先沉积在接地表面上，制剂的次要组分的浓度峰值，由于增材制造中的充电而导致的不良粉末铺展。相比之下，该现象已被用于静电复印，最近用于摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）。尽管人们已经知道了几千年，但摩擦起电现象并没有得到很好的理解，实际上对于非金属表面来说是不可预测的。环境湿度和温度的作用增加了复杂性。考虑到其在新材料先进制造中的重要性，最初很少有材料可用，因此提出了一个具有国际领先参与的及时项目，以解决从分子水平固态形成到大规模生产活性药物成分和聚合物的摩擦带电问题。该项目有七个工业合作伙伴和来自日本、巴西、意大利和加拿大的六个国际合作者，为七个工作包做出了贡献，每个工作包都涉及一个科学和工业兴趣的主题。活动范围从通过密度泛函理论计算分子固态水平功函数，到通过开发用于电荷分布测量和TENG的专用仪器来表征颗粒电荷转移，再到单元操作水平，包括快速流化和流化，气力输送和旋风分离。这项工作对制造业具有战略意义，从制药，食品和塑料到增材制造。这将对制造业的可持续性产生巨大影响，因为摩擦电气化问题的缓解将显著减少浪费和环境足迹，并对TENG快速发展的新技术的性能和材料优化产生巨大影响。拟议方案将应对“支持理由”中所述的六项挑战。

Collisional and sliding contacts of two different materials are commonly associated with electric charge transfer, leading to charge accumulation. This causes an overwhelming number of handling and processing problems and explosion hazards, thereby degrading manufacturing efficiency and causing out of specification products and wastage. Examples are strong adhesion to containing walls and deposition in pipes, impairing flowability and aggravating segregation of components in a mixture, thereby upsetting formulations. It is common to experience highly active drugs filling up a spiral jet mill (thereby upsetting its functioning), components of a formulation preferentially depositing on grounded surfaces, getting concentration spikes of minor components of a formulation, poor powder spreading due to charging in additive manufacturing. In contrast, the phenomenon has been used to good effect in xerography and more recently for Tribo Electric Nano Generators (TENG). Despite being known for millennia, the triboelectrification phenomenon is not well understood and actually not predictable for non-metallic surfaces. The role of environmental humidity and temperature adds to the complexity. Considering its importance in advanced manufacturing of new materials, for which little material is initially available, a timely project with internationally leading-edge participation is proposed to tackle triboelectrification from a molecular level solid-state formation, right up to large scale manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients and polymers. The project has seven industrial partners and six international collaborators from Japan, Brazil, Italy and Canada, contributing to seven work packages, each addressing a topic of scientific as well as industrial interest. The activities range from molecular solid-state level work function calculations by Density Functional Theory, to particle charge transfer characterisation by developing specialised instruments for charge distribution measurement and TENG, to unit operation level, including fast fluidisation and risers, pneumatic conveying and cyclone separation. The work is of strategic interest in manufacturing, ranging from pharmaceuticals, foods and plastics to additive manufacturing. It will have a huge impact on manufacturing sustainability, as the mitigation of triboelectrification issues will have a notable reduction in wastage and environmental footprint, and on the performance and material optimisation for the fast growing new technology of TENG. The proposed programme will tackle six challenges as addressed in the Case for Support.