PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF STIMULANT DRUGS IN CHILDREN

自主神经系统（ANS）的活动和注意力已被评估 在被诊断为破坏性行为障碍的男孩中 （DBD）频谱（行为障碍，对立违抗性障碍和/或 注意力缺陷多动障碍[ADHD]），选择他们的 反社会和破坏性行为，在儿童和青少年， 强迫症（OCD），有些人同时被诊断为ADHD， Tourettes综合征和正常对照儿童和青少年。我们 记录休息期间的皮肤电导（SC）和心率（HR 周期、一系列非信号音和简单反应时间（RT） 任务注意力通过两个RT任务进行评估， 广泛用于精神分裂症研究：1）简单RT， 可变的预备间隔，和2）简单，选择，和“跨模态” RT到灯光和音调。 这些项目的主要目的是寻找ANS和注意力 诊断和亚诊断的标志物，并确定这些 这些过程可能与症状有关。对于DBD受试者来说， 一个目标是确定数据是否支持这一概念， 亚诊断组可以被认为是一系列类似的 紊乱总的来说，这些数据显示了许多共同的差异， 亚诊断组和正常对照，从而支持 DBD光谱的概念。我们正在研究 5-羟色胺的代谢物。去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺 脑脊液和ANS反应性。A 2- 对DBD受试者进行了为期一年的临床随访， 发现了低ANS活性预示不良结果的证据。 ANS和注意力测试正在对一个新的样本进行重复， 患有多动症的年轻男孩探索性测试的儿童选修 正在实施缄默症。

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and attention has been assessed in boys with diagnoses in the Disruptive Behavior Disorder (DBD)spectrum (Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder [ADHD]), selected for their antisocial and disruptive behavior, in children and adolescents with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), some with co-diagnoses of ADHD and Tourettes Syndrome and in normal control children and adolescents. We recorded skin conductance (SC) and heart rate (HR) during a rest period, a series of nonsignal tones, and a simple reaction time (RT) task. Attention was assessed by two RT tasks which have been used extensively in schizophrenia research: 1) Simple RT with constant and variable preparatory intervals, and 2) Simple, choice, and "crossmodal" RT to lights and tones. A major purpose of these projects is to look for ANS and attentional markers of diagnosis and subdiagnosis and to determine how these processes might be related to symptoms. In the case of the DBD subjects an objective was to determine if the data support the concept that the subdiagnostic groups can be considered part of a spectrum of similar disorders. In general, the data showed many common differences between the subdiagnostic groups and normal controls and thus support the concept of the DBD spectrum. We are studying the relationships between metabolites of serotonin. norepinephrine, and dopamine measured from cerebrospinal fluid and ANS responsivity in the patient groups. A 2- year clinical followup of the DBD subjects has been completed and some evidence that low ANS activity predicts poor outcome was found. The ANS and attention test are being repeated on a new sample of younger boys with ADHD. Exploratory tests of children with elective mutism are being carried out.