SPONTANEOUS MUTATION RATES AMONG RNA VIRUSES

长期以来，人们从坊间证据中得知，RNA病毒会在 很高的速率，但很少进行速率测量，而且没有 准确地说。构建了简单的理论来转换突变频率 在使用RNA的裂解和逆转录病毒系统中的突变率 基因组。在文献中发现了一组突变频率 这可以转化为突变率。几个人的中位数税率 裂解病毒(O噬菌体-β-脊髓灰质炎病毒、甲型流感病毒和水痘病毒 口炎病毒)约为每个基因组前1个 复制。因此，这些有机体的突变率几乎与 这与生存是一致的。三种逆转录病毒显示出 比以DNA为基础的微生物要小几倍，但仍然要高得多。

RNA viruses have long been known from anecdotal evidence to mutate at high rates, but few rate measurements have been performed, and none accurately. Simple theory was constructed to convert mutant frequencies into mutation rates in both lytic and retroviral systems employing RNA genomes. A set of mutant frequencies was discovered in the literature that could be converted into mutation rates. The median rate for several lytic viruses (phage O beta poliovirus, influenze A and vesicular stomatitis viruses) was in the neighborhood of 1 per genome pre replication. Thus, these organisms have mutation rates about as large as is consistent with survival. Three retroviruses exhibited rates several-fold smaller, but still far higher than for DNA-based microbes.