INCOME, ECONOMIC SHOCKS, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND CHILD GROWTH

这项研究将探讨儿童身高增长的经济决定因素 和重量使用一个独特的数据库从最近收集的家庭 以及来自科特迪瓦、加纳和巴基斯坦的社区一级小组数据。 在动态简化形式的儿童生长函数的背景下，我们将 注重家庭和社区两级的决定因素。 在家庭 水平，我们将衡量长期特征（在 特别是父母教育和永久收入）以及收入 冲击，使影响因儿童的性别而异。 我们将使用 关于收入决定因素的辅助时间序列和区域数据， 估计永久性和暂时性收入。 如果部分收入是暂时性的， 那么，在负收入冲击之后，增长还有追赶的余地。 我们将衡量追赶的程度，使其取决于家庭 资源、父母教育、儿童的性别和 冲击. 在社区层面，我们将分析 基础设施和保健服务的提供情况和价格 增长 此外，科特迪瓦和加纳的特别调查数据 提供有关卫生服务质量的详细信息;因此，我们 将区分可用性对儿童生长的相对影响 以及医疗保健和营养计划的质量。 我们还将允许 社区特征与家庭的相互作用 特征，以确定哪些儿童可能从 投资社区服务。 科特迪瓦和加纳的数据是 由世界银行在四年内收集， 两次访问（相隔一年）。 巴基斯坦的调查，由 国际粮食政策研究所是一个小组， 每一个家庭每年访问四次。

This study will examine the economic determinants of child growth in height and weight using a unique database drawn from recently collected household and community level panel data from the Cte d'Ivoire, Ghana and Pakistan. Within the context of a dynamic reduced form child growth function, we will focus on both household and community level determinants. At the household level, we will measure the impact of long run characteristics (in particular, parental education and permanent income) as well as income shocks, permitting the impacts to vary by gender of the child. We will use auxiliary time series and regional data on determinants of income to estimate permanent and transitory income. If part of income is transitory, then there is scope for catch up in growth after a negative income shock. We will measure the extent of catch-up allowing it to depend on household resources, parental education, gender of the child and the size of the shock. At the community level, we will analyze the effect of the availability and price of infrastructure and health services on child growth. In addition, special survey data from the Cte d'Ivoire and Ghana provide detailed information on the quality of health services; thus, we will distinguish the relative impacts on child growth of the availability and quality of health care and nutrition programs. We will also permit interactions between community characteristics and household characteristics to identify those children who are likely to gain most from investments in community services. The Ivorian and Ghanian data were collected by the World Bank over four years with each household being visited twice (one year apart). The Pakistani survey, collected by the International Food Policy Research Institute, is a panel covering three years with each household visited four times per year.