Treating People as Objects? Ethics, Security and the Governance of Mobility

这项研究旨在批判性地分析控制人员跨界流动的努力与控制物体跨界流动的努力越来越纠缠在一起的方式，以及这种纠缠的伦理影响。更具体地说，该项目旨在探讨目前控制流动性的努力在多大程度上导致了将人纯粹视为客体而不是享有权利的主体的安全做法和政策。通过特别关注嵌入在控制人员和物体的流动的道德风险，本研究的目的是提供一个强大的经验基础，国家边境安全的做法和治理的严格的道德评估的发展。因此，我们的研究旨在确定一方面国家保护和安全之间的道德权衡，另一方面将人民视为权利承担者。探讨这种紧张关系将有助于深入了解有关流动的法律的、政治和道德规范的合法性，以及边境安全做法是否适当、相称和有效。这些目标将通过各种方法的结合来实现。其中包括：关键文件的话语分析;在伦敦希思罗机场，多佛港和费利克斯托港的人种学观察;和半结构化采访管理人员和一线工人在三个英国边境网站，高级公务员，积极分子与移民，移民本身。这项研究将以协作和跨学科的方式进行，汇集了具有哲学，法律，治理，安全和国际关系专业知识的研究人员。虽然实地研究将由特定的研究人员团队根据其具体的专业知识和经验进行，但对文献和人种学材料的分析将集体进行，以利用我们的跨学科专业知识。通过这种方式，该项目汇集了来自人文科学和社会科学不同学科的见解，以解决与每个学科相关的问题。该项目将通过开展详细的，根据经验，研究边境的治理结构和安全做法如何促进或防止将人纯粹作为对象为了发展这些辩论，该项目包括一个学术研讨会，部分通过该项目。除了促进这些学术辩论外，该项目的一个中心目标是开始与联合王国政府、移民团体和其他最终用户进行对话，讨论：（a）如何确定人在边境地点更有可能被纯粹当作物品对待的情况;以及（B）如何在边界处理活动期间减少人类主体的客体化。为确保这一影响，该项目将在项目结束时举办一次最终用户讲习班，以传播和讨论我们的调查结果。该讲习班将得到一套三份简报文件的支持，三个不同的社区将受到项目的影响。这些是：负责联合王国边境管理的政策制定者、在联合王国边境站点工作的从业人员以及代表移民工作的宣传团体。

This research seeks to critically analyse the ways in which efforts to control the movement of people across borders are becoming increasingly entangled with efforts to control the movement of objects across those same borders, and the ethical implications of this entanglement. More specifically the project aims to explore the extent to which current efforts to control mobility result in security practices and policies that treat people purely as objects, rather than as rights-bearing subjects. By paying particular attention to the moral risks embedded in controlling the movement of people and objects, this research aims to provide a strong empirical foundation for the development of rigorous ethical assessments of state border security practices and governance. Our research therefore aims to identify the ethical trade-offs between state protection and security on the one hand, and the treatment of people as rights-bearing individuals on the other. Exploring this tension will offer insight into how legitimate the legal, political and ethical norms governing mobility are and whether the security practices at borders are appropriate, proportionate and effective. These objectives will be realized using a combination of methods. These include: discourse analysis of key documents; ethnographic observations at London Heathrow, Dover Port and Felixstowe Port; and semi-structured interviews with managers and front line workers at the three UK border sites, senior civil servants, activists working with migrants, and migrants themselves. This research will be carried out in a way that is collaborative and inter-disciplinary, bringing together researchers with expertise in Philosophy, Law, Governance, Security and International Relations. Whilst the field research will be carried out by particular teams of researchers according to their specific expertise and experience, the analysis of the documentary and ethnographic material will be undertaken collectively in order to capitalize on our interdisciplinary expertise. In this way the project brings together insights from different disciplines in the humanities and social sciences in order to address an issue that is relevant to each of them.The project will further academic debates about the contested relationship between security and ethics by carrying out detailed, empirically informed work on how governance structures and security practices at the border either facilitate or prevent the treatment of people purely as objects. In order to develop these debates the project includes an academic workshop part way through the project. A number of academic articles in leading international journals will be produced, with an emphasis on co-authored collaboration and cross-disciplinary impactIn addition to contributing to these academic debates a central objective of the project is to begin a conversation with the UK government, migrant groups and other end-users about (a) how to identify situations in which humans are more likely to be treated purely as objects at border sites; and (b) how to decrease the objectification of human subjects during border processing activities. To ensure this impact the project will hold an end-users workshop at the end of the project in order to disseminate and discuss our findings. This workshop will be supported by a set of three briefing papers, one for each of the three distinct communities that will be impacted by the project. These are: policy-makers responsible for UK border management, practitioners working at UK border sites, and advocacy groups working on behalf of migrants.