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'Jewish' country houses - objects, networks, people

“犹太”乡村别墅——物体、网络、人

基本信息

批准号：
AH/S006656/1
负责人：
Abigail Frances Floretta Green
金额：
$ 104.02万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FS006656%2F1
关键词：
Jewish country houses objects networks

项目摘要

As a pan-European study of 'Jewish' country houses this is a pioneering research endeavour. We aim to establish 'Jewish' country houses - properties that were owned, built or renewed by Jews - as a focus for research, a site of European memory and a significant aspect of European Jewish heritage and material culture. The central place of the country house in our national heritage landscape speaks to its importance in the construction of nationhood, a phenomenon with parallels in other European countries. Work on Jewish elites too has operated within a nation-state framework, elaborating paradigms that emphasize national distinctiveness. This project will be the first to illuminate the cosmopolitan world of the 'Jewish aristocracy', its relationships, its architecture and its things, showing how this international network reshaped 'Jewish' and 'European' culture and society.'Jewish' country houses and their owners have escaped systematic study because they do not fit established conceptual frameworks in country house studies or in modern Jewish history. Yet 'Jewish' country houses - often clustered within easy reach of capital cities or near exclusive seaside and spa resorts - were ubiquitous across Europe in the late 19th and early 20th century. Far from seeking to establish a fixed typology of 'Jewish' country houses, we will explore the many variants that proliferated across Europe from the second half of the nineteenth century, and the social, political, cultural and familiar relationships that underpinned them. Individually and collectively, these houses represent the summit and terminus of the growth in Jewish private wealth and Jewish artistic expertise in this era. The project will investigate this phenomenon through two complementary research strands: socio-cultural (focusing on collecting) and socio-political (focusing on philanthropy). Our focus on the social and political role of Jewish elites in the countryside works against the grain of existing work on Jewish elites which has an urban, bourgeois focus. It promises to reshape the way we think about assimilation, acculturation, integration and difference. We also break fresh methodological ground by uniting into a single analytical framework all the actors involved in the creation, maintenance and decoration of the Jewish country house, creating a bridge between social history, architectural history, the material and intellectual histories of collecting, and the history of the art market. Working closely with the National Trust and the European Association for the Preservation and Promotion of Jewish Culture and Heritage, and with relevant properties like Waddesdon Manor and Strawberry Hill House, we will transform practice in the heritage sector by developing an intellectual framework and practical resources that will outlive the project to enable heritage professionals in the UK and continental Europe to better engage the 'Jewishness' of these country houses and their often contested history.

作为对“犹太”乡村别墅的泛欧洲研究，这是一项开创性的研究工作。我们的目标是建立“犹太”乡村别墅——犹太人拥有、建造或更新的财产——作为研究的焦点、欧洲记忆的场所以及欧洲犹太遗产和物质文化的重要方面。乡村别墅在我们国家遗产景观中的中心地位说明了它在国家建设中的重要性，这种现象与其他欧洲国家相似。对犹太精英的研究也是在民族国家框架内进行的，阐述了强调民族独特性的范式。该项目将是第一个阐明“犹太贵族”的国际化世界、它的关系、它的建筑及其事物的项目，展示这个国际网络如何重塑“犹太”和“欧洲”文化和社会。“犹太”乡间别墅及其主人已经逃脱了系统研究，因为它们不符合乡间别墅研究或现代犹太历史中既定的概念框架。然而，“犹太”乡村别墅——通常聚集在首都城市的便捷交通范围内或靠近独特的海滨和温泉度假村——在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初在欧洲随处可见。我们并不是寻求建立“犹太”乡村别墅的固定类型，而是探索十九世纪下半叶以来欧洲各地激增的许多变体，以及支撑它们的社会、政治、文化和熟悉的关系。无论是单独还是集体，这些房屋都代表了这个时代犹太私人财富和犹太艺术专业知识增长的顶峰和终点。该项目将通过两个互补的研究领域来调查这一现象：社会文化（侧重于收藏）和社会政治（侧重于慈善事业）。我们对农村犹太精英的社会和政治作用的关注与现有的以城市和资产阶级为重点的犹太精英研究的内容背道而驰。它有望重塑我们对同化、文化适应、融合和差异的思考方式。我们还突破了新的方法论基础，将参与犹太乡村别墅的创作、维护和装饰的所有参与者整合到一个单一的分析框架中，在社会历史、建筑历史、收藏的物质和知识历史以及艺术市场历史之间架起了一座桥梁。我们将与国家信托基金、欧洲犹太文化和遗产保护和促进协会以及沃德斯登庄园和草莓山别墅等相关财产密切合作，通过开发知识框架和实用资源来改变遗产部门的实践，这些框架和资源将比该项目更长久，使英国和欧洲大陆的遗产专业人士能够更好地了解这些乡间别墅的“犹太性”及其经常受到争议的历史。