The Islington Crime Survey: Thirty Years On

这项研究的目的是提供一个趋势的概览在犯罪和受害的内城地区在过去的三十年。在这一时期，人们普遍认为，内城发生了重大变化，包括重大的人口转移。伦敦的伊斯灵顿区被作为一个参考点，因为在过去的三十年里，它在人口构成方面发生了重大变化，在休闲和消费活动方面也发生了重大变化。与此同时，它还包括一个有趣的中产阶级化地区与贫困和剥夺的结合。这项研究的主要目的是研究在这种特殊情况下犯罪和受害分布的变化。1986年进行了一项具有里程碑意义的关于犯罪和受害的研究，并以《伊斯灵顿犯罪调查》（Jones, McLean and Young 1986）的形式发表。这项研究试图扩展和限定当时英国犯罪调查（目前被称为英格兰和威尔士犯罪调查）的发现，该调查收集了全国数据。人们认识到，犯罪的形式和程度因地区而异，如果受害者调查要为政策提供信息，那么就必须详细和本地化。例如，像伊斯灵顿犯罪调查（ICS）这样的当地犯罪调查能够确定人们感到不安全的特定街道和地区，并可以为政策制定者提供信息，使他们能够使这些地区更安全。他们还允许居民对警察的表现进行评估，并让居民有机会表达他们的优先事项和关切。在全国范围内，在过去的二十年里，大多数形式的犯罪记录都有了显著的减少。这项研究提供了对内城地区这种减少的调查，目的是确定哪些群体（如果有的话）从这种减少中受益。调查还将关注重复受害，因为我们知道，一些受害最严重的群体往往会反复受害，其目的是看看这些重复受害的程度是随着时间的推移而增加还是减少。调查的主要目的之一是获取不同族裔群体受害经历的信息，并审查他们与警察的关系。还将重点关注家庭暴力、对犯罪的恐惧以及各种形式的商业犯罪。这项研究还将利用其他数据来源，这些数据来源提供了过去三十年来产生的有关该区犯罪的信息，以便确定趋势。查明这些趋势又将与分析发生这些趋势的不断变化的经济和社会环境联系起来。通过这种方式，研究将检查受害分布的变化与自治市镇不断变化的社会组成和经济活动有关。这种形式的分析应该能够对城市生活不断变化的本质以及人们的关注点和经验提出一些有意义的见解，这应该为城市文化不断变化的动态提供一些有用的见解。学术研究人员对城市变化的性质和方向，特别是这些变化与犯罪的关系存在相当大的争论。关于各种预防犯罪措施在减少犯罪方面的有效程度也存在争论。通过将城市趋势与不断变化的犯罪模式相结合，本研究提供了一个独特的机会，可以增加我们对当代社会中正在发生的一些最重要发展的理解。

This research aims to provide an overview of the trends in crime and victimisation in an inner city area over the last thirty years. In this period it is widely recognised that the inner city has undergone major changes involving significant population shifts. The London borough of Islington is taken as a point of reference because it exhibits significant changes in the composition of its population over the last thirty years as well as experiencing major changes in its leisure and consumer activities. At the same time it includes an interesting mix of gentrified areas combined with pockets of poverty and deprivation.The principal aim of the research is to examine changes in the distribution of crime and victimisation in this particular context. In 1986 a landmark study of crime and victimisation was carried out and published in the form of The Islington Crime Survey (Jones, McLean and Young 1986). This study sought to both extend and qualify the findings of the then British Crime Survey (currently referred to as the Crime Survey for England and Wales) which collected national data. It was recognised that the form and level of crime varies significantly by area and that if victimisation surveys are going to inform policy then they have to be detailed and localised. For example, local crime surveys like The Islington Crime Survey (ICS) are able to identify specific streets and areas where people feel unsafe and can provide policy makers with the information that allows them to make such areas safer. They also allow assessments by residents of police performance and the opportunity for residents to express their priorities and concerns. Nationally, there has been a significant decrease in most forms of recorded crime over the last two decades. This research provides an investigation of this decrease in an inner city area and aim to identify which groups, if any, have benefited from this decrease. The survey will also look at repeat victimisation since it is know that some of the most victimised groups tend to be repeatedly victimised and the aim will be to see if these levels of repeat victimisation have increased or decreased over time.One of the main aims of the survey is to gain information of the experiences of victimisation amongst different ethnic groups and also to examine their relation with the police. There will also be a focus on domestic violence, fear of crime, as well as forms of commercial crime. The research will also draw on other data sources that provide information on crime in the borough that have been produced over the past thirty years in order to identify trends. The identification of these trends will in turn be linked to an analysis of the changing economic and social context in which they are taking place. In this way the research will examine changes in the distribution of victimisation in relation to the changing social composition and economic activity in the borough. This form of analysis should be able to say something significant about the changing nature of urban life and about people's concerns and experiences, which should provide some useful insights into the changing dynamics of urban culture.There is considerable debate by academic researchers about the nature and direction of urban change and in particular how these changes relate to crime. There are also debates about the degree to which various crime prevention measures have been effective in reducing crime. By identifying urban trends in conjunction with changing patterns of crime this research provides a unique opportunity to increase our understanding of some of the most significant developments that are taking place in contemporary society.