PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF PHOTORECEPTION

钙敏感染料Flo-3和Fura-2已被引入视网膜 活体青蛙视网膜中脂溶酯的水解性转移。 使用增强的视频显微镜和定量图像分析， 完整视杆细胞和离体外节段对 为了研究钙，一直在跟踪外部钙离子的活度。 这些细胞的调节。牛血清白蛋白脂溶性酯类的水解 指示染料在不同的细胞之间非常不均匀，有两类 观察到棒状物：一种占所有棒状物的12%，累积5-10个 与其他98%-99%的受试者一样多的指标 给定潜伏期。这两个种群可以用 与乙酰氧甲基基团酯化的各种指示剂。钙 重标记细胞中的指示物仅对 除非质膜发生渗漏，否则细胞外钙离子活性 带有含钙离子载体。 具有堆叠PVDF薄膜的新型热释电探测器已被制备成 提高设备的热敏感度，并抑制声学拾取。一个 可补偿突然加热和冷却效果的录音放大器 导致改变量热计上组织周围的洗澡溶液 探测器已经设计完成，正在建设中。展期 热释电法溶解微量热法正在进行中。 4(5)溴咪唑已被测试为水中细胞质的标记 细胞中的空间，这些空间后来被冷冻干燥以供电子探针使用 微量分析。以多种水载型葡聚糖聚合物为测试对象 系统，通过分析剩余BR来估计水分含量的准确性 干燥后的聚合物的含量已得到确认。土壤中的水分含量 已经对活体视网膜的各种成分进行了估计，并证明了这一点 使用其他选择性较低的方法。溴咪唑应该是有用的 在许多其他类型的组织中有水的标记。

Calcium-sensitive dyes, FLO-3 and Fura-2 have been introduced into retinal rods of living frog retinas by hydrolytic transfer of lipid-soluble esters. Using intensified video microscopy and quantitative image analysis, responses of intact rod cells and of isolated outer segments to changes in external calcium ion activity have been followed in order to study calcium regulation in these cells. The hydrolysis of lipid-soluble esters of the indicator dyes is very non-uniform from cell to cell, and two classes of rods are observed: one type constituting 12% of all rods accumulating 5-10 times as much indicator as the other 98-99% of the rod population within a given incubation period. The two populations can be demonstrated with a variety of indicators esterified with acetoxymethyl groups. Calcium indicators in the heavily labeled cells respond only weakly to changes in external calcium activity unless the plasma membranes have been made leaky with calcium-bearing ionophores. New pyroelectric detectors with stacked PVDF films have been prepared to increase heat sensitivity of the devices and to reject acoustic pickup. A recording amplifier that compensates for sudden heating and cooling effects caused changing the bathing solutions around tissues on the calorimeter detector has been designed and is under construction. Extension of pyroelectric methods to solution microcalorimetry is under way. 4(5) bromoimidazole has been tested as a marker for the aqueous cytoplasmic spaces in cells that are later freeze-dried for electron-probe microanalysis. Using a variety of water-loaded dextran polymers as test systems, the accuracy of estimating water content by analyzing residual Br content of the dried polymers has been confirmed. Water content of the various components of living retinas has been estimated and shown to agree with other, less selective methods. Bromoimidazole should be useful as a water marker in many other types of tissues.