Energy On the Move: longitudinal perspectives on energy transitions among marginal populations (a comparative study)

本研究考察了尼日利亚、南苏丹、尼泊尔和孟加拉国等国城郊非正规住区中非常贫困的妇女、男子和年轻人的能源使用情况，以及这些情况的变化情况，并在各研究国家中总结了比较经验。它挑战了能源转型研究的传统方法。缺乏清洁能源限制了经济发展，扼杀了人们的生活机会，使数百万人陷入极端贫困。可持续发展目标7将为穷人提供负担得起、清洁和可靠的能源作为改变目前没有现代能源服务的140万人口发展前景的必要因素。然而，虽然有相当多的发展活动致力于将可再生能源研究中心实验室的新技术产品引入能源贫乏者负担得起的范围，但目前的能源转型方法仍有缺陷，尤其是因为它们没有考虑到低收入国家最贫穷和最边缘群体的具体情况和需要：我们在本项目中重点关注的妇女、男子和青年。这项研究将探讨那些因环境不稳定（灾害或气候变化）或政治冲突而流离失所、生活在城郊地区但没有接入电网的人的能源实践。它们是脆弱群体的一个典型例子，其能源需求继续（很差地）得到生物质的满足：其影响是巨大的，并从能源延伸到运输（因为大量使用生物质会给妇女和儿童带来沉重的运输负担，因为她们要头扛木柴/木炭）和其他部门，如粮食、水、保健。这项研究的新目的是了解穷人获得光、热和烹饪燃料的能源的方式范围，以及这种情况如何随着时间的推移而变化。虽然它很可能在那里

This research examines the energy practices of very poor women, men and young people living in informal settlements in peri-urban situations in Nigeria, South Sudan, Nepal and Bangladesh and how these are changing, drawing comparative lessons across the study countries. It challenges conventional approaches to energy transition research. Lack of access to clean energy limits economic development, stifles people's life chances and traps millions into extreme poverty. Sustainable Development Goal 7 makes bringing access to affordable, clean and reliable energy for the poor a necessary element in transforming the development prospects for the 1.4 million people currently without modern energy services. However, while considerable development activity is being devoted to bringing new technological products from renewable energy research centre laboratory benches into the affordable reach of the energy-poor, current approaches to energy transition are deficient, not least because they fail to take into account the specific contexts and needs of the poorest and most marginal groups in low income countries: the women, men and youth on whom we focus in this project. The study will explore the energy practices of those who have experienced displacement as a result of environmental precarity (disasters or climate change), or political conflict, and are living in peri-urban locations but unconnected to the electricity grid. They offer a prime example of vulnerable groups whose energy requirements continue to be (poorly) met by biomass: the implications are substantial and extend beyond energy to transport (since high biomass usage can put a massive transport burden on women and children through head-loading of firewood/charcoal) and to other sectors, e.g. food, water, health. The study's novel purpose is to understand the range of means by which the poor access energy for light, heat and cooking fuel, and how this may have changed over time. While it is likely there