BIOLOGICAL HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

提案计划的总体目标是寻求减少 与生物污染环境有关的风险 此类废物的处理。白腐菌木质素降解体系的研究 将会被使用。从分子入手，提出了一套完整的方案 生物学和遗传学与从酶学到工程学 和应用研究。木质素酶的基因将是 整合到表达系统中，用于大规模生产 酵素。真核表达系统是未来的研究方向 将木质素酶基因重新整合到原始真菌中以 增加生物体的容量。包括重组和原生的 酶的特性将从物理性质、周转 速率、底物专一性和稳定性。其机制和途径 以确定潜在的有害物质是否 中间产物可能是由酶和真菌产生的。条件 将寻求最大化退化的速度和程度，以最大限度地减少 潜在有害产品的生产。最后，我们将研究 工艺及其成本的工程设计。该计划将是 并部分资助犹他州立大学的两个研究生项目 毒理学、分子生物学和生物化学研究生课程。 该研究计划将涉及化学系的教职员工。 和生物化学、生物学、营养和食品科学、民用和 犹他州立大学环境工程系 宾夕法尼亚州立大学分子和细胞生物学。这项研究 还将涉及生物技术中心和犹他州水研究 实验室。这个项目的意义在于，我们发现了一个 环境污染物生物氧化的自然过程。我们 提出使制度适应问题，研究如何增加 它的有效性。应该有可能设计出非常经济的 基于营养物质的系统，如锯末，玉米棒，花生壳， 小麦秸秆等，取决于这些物质的可用性。 其中任何一个都将提供一个既经济又非常有效的系统 因为白腐菌将与这样的 营养素。

The overall objective of the proposal program is to seek ways to decrease the risks associated with environmental pollutants by biological treatment of such wastes. The lignin degrading system of white rot fungi will be used. An integrated program is proposed, starting with molecular biology and genetics and proceeding from enzymology through engineering and application research. The genes for the ligninases will be incorporated into expression systems for large-scale production of enzymes. Eukaryotic expression systems will be studied for future incorporation of the ligninase genes back into the original fungus to increase the capacity of the organism. Both recombinant and native enzymes will be characterized in terms of physical properties, turnover rates, substrate specificity, and stability. The mechanisms and pathways for degradation will be characterized to determine if potential harmful intermediates might be produced by the enzymes and the fungus. Conditions will be sought to maximize rates and extents of degradation to minimize the production of potentially harmful products. Finally we will study the engineering of the process and its cost. The program will be a part of and partially support two graduate programs at Utah State University, the Graduate Programs in Toxicology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry. The research program will involve faculty in the Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biology, Nutrition and Food Sciences, and Civil and Environmental Engineering at Utah State University and the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at Pennsylvania State University. The research will also involve the Biotechnology Center and the Utah Water Research Laboratory. The significance of this project is that we have discovered a natural process for biological oxidation of environmental pollutants. We propose to adapt the system to the problem and to study how to increase its effectiveness. It should be possible to design very economical systems based on nutrients such as sawdust, corn cobs, peanut shells, wheat straw, etc. depending upon the availability of these substances. Any one of these would provide an economical yet very effective system because the white rot fungi would be very competitive with such nutrients.