Neighbourhood Policing and Collective Efficacy (NPACE): Tackling Serious Violent Crime

尽管最近有人担心社区警务的削减导致了严重暴力犯罪的激增——在2018年的前100天，伦敦有52人因严重暴力事件而丧生——但几乎没有证据表明社区警务在解决这些问题上是有效的。此外，对于社区警务如何影响诸如严重暴力犯罪等结果的潜在机制，尚无明确的理论认识。该项目的目的是加深人们对社区警务工作方式的了解，特别是社区警务在建设强大而有凝聚力的社区方面的作用，以及社区警务能否有效地用于打击严重暴力犯罪。该研究有三个具体目标：1)建立一个逻辑模型，说明邻里警务应该如何工作，以提高社区内的集体效能；2)评估伦敦更安全社区小组在弱势社区的实践；3)提供证据，证明邻里警务在提高集体效能和打击严重暴力犯罪方面是否有效。这项研究将解决文献中发现的理论差距，并为警察和其他机构的政策过程提供信息。

Despite recent concerns that cuts to neighbourhood policing have contributed to a surge in serious violent crime - in the first 100 days of 2018, 52 people were killed as a result of serious violence in London - there is little evidence that neighbourhood policing is effective at tackling these issues. Furthermore, there is no clear theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanisms of how neighbourhood policing might influence outcomes such as serious violent crime. The aim of this project is to develop a greater understanding of how neighbourhood policing works, specifically in terms of its role in building strong and cohesive communities, and whether this type of policing can be used effectively to tackle serious violent crime. The research has three specific objectives: 1) to develop a logic model specifying how neighbourhood policing should work to increase collective efficacy within communities; 2) to assess the practices of London's Safer Neighbourhood Teams operating in disadvantaged communities; 3) to provide evidence on the effectiveness, or not, of neighbourhood policing in increasing collective efficacy and tackling serious violent crime. The research will address the theoretical gaps identified in the literature as well as feeding into the policy process of police and other agencies.