Caribbean Cyclone Cartography: Mapping histories, narratives and futures of hurricane 'resilience' in a changing climate.

2017年9月18日，五级飓风“玛丽亚”在多米尼加（东加勒比，人口71293人）登陆，造成31人死亡，37人失踪，90%的建筑物受损，估计损失13亿美元，占GDP的226%。这个环境和经济脆弱的小岛屿发展中国家陷入混乱，没有国家规划措施确保明确的复苏道路。因此，除了有限的人道主义援助外，多米尼加人还利用储存的食物临时做饭，召集工作人员清理废墟，讲述宣泄情绪的故事以缓解压力，并用汇款重建家园。他们生存下来，通过社会模式的弹性。几个月后，政府发誓要让多米尼克成为“地球上第一个适应气候变化的国家”，并成立了多米尼克气候变化执行机构（CREAD）和“国家适应气候变化发展战略”（与联合国2030年可持续发展议程和仙台议程一致），以“适应气候变化”岛上的住房、基础设施、能源和旅游部门。多米尼加是该地区最多山的岛屿，每平方英里的环境危害可能最多。然而，尽管出现了宏观层面的“恢复力转向”，但人们对微观层面（个人、家庭和社区层面）的适应能力知之甚少，这些适应能力使多米尼加人能够在“玛丽亚”、“埃里卡”（2015）和更早的风暴中幸存下来。“复原力”这个无处不在的词，对于日常的多明尼加人，尤其是边缘群体（多明尼加青年、女性农民、原住民和流离失所社群）意味着什么，也没有一个重要的高层对话。为了建立对飓风准备、应对和恢复的更具包容性的理解，CCC项目将开发协作方法，探索对“更好地重建”在当地可能意味着什么的生活理解。这种针对这种“乡土弹性”的多学科方法旨在补充和关键地加强CREAD议程，全面地绘制幸存者主导的恢复-过去，现在和未来。但是为什么要映射呢？我们相信地图不仅仅代表世界；它们指导我们对它的体验。我们将使用以下研究方法“从下而上”调查和可视化地绘制气旋恢复能力图：-对飓风历史进行口头、档案和建筑调查。-以当代社区为主导的数字叙事和民族志，讲述玛丽亚之后的生活和生计（重点是边缘化的经历）。-市民主导的地理信息系统调查和全岛灾害、避难所和应急机构的制图。该研究将产生以下产出：多米尼克在线飓风“复原力”地图——记录历史和最近的风暴恢复情况；并规划危险地点、避难所和支持机构，以减少未来对福祉的风险。这是一张公众可访问的、信息丰富且易于导航的地图——对公民、政策制定者和学者都是如此。一系列多方利益攸关方专题讨论会、研究技能培训讲习班和基于实践的干预措施——建立研究能力，分享跨规模、专业和部门的最佳实践模式（包括本土和科学的）。一系列公共项目电影放映、视觉艺术展览和加勒比气候对话播客/广播节目——向多米尼加、英国、牙买加和国际公众展示主要产出（促进知情的生态公民）。一个在线数字中心——一个研究成果的档案，作为一个公共的气旋恢复力资源；还有一个博客空间，为加勒比海地区先前存在的（但目前零散的）关于灾难恢复力的公众对话提供一个家园。一系列项目研究者出版物-学术文章，公开传播的信息杂志和一本以研究成果为特色的编辑书籍

When category-5 Hurricane Maria made landfall in Dominica (Eastern Caribbean, population 71,293) on 18th September 2017 - killing 31 people, disappearing 37 people, damaging 90% of buildings and costing an estimated US$ 1.3 billion/226% of GDP - this environmentally and economically vulnerable Small Island Developing State was left in chaos, without national planning measures to ensure a clear course to recovery. Thus, besides limited humanitarian aid, Dominicans survived Maria by improvising meals from stockpiled food, assembling work crews to clear debris, telling cathartic stories to ease stress and using remittances to rebuild homes. They survived, through social modes of resilience.Months later, the government vowed to make Dominica -the most mountainous island in the region with perhaps the greatest number of environmental hazards per square mile - the 'first climate resilient nation on earth', launching the Climate Resilience Execution Agency of Dominica (CREAD) and a 'National Resilience Development Strategy' (aligned to the UN 2030 Sustainable Development and Sendai agendas) to 'climate proof' the island's housing, infrastructure, energy and tourism sectors. Yet, despite this macroscale 'resilience turn', very little is known about the micro - individual, household and community level - adaptations that enabled Dominicans to survive Maria, Erika (2015) and earlier storms. Nor is there a critical high-level conversation what this ubiquitous term, 'resilience', means to everyday Dominicans - notably marginalized groups (Dominican youth, female farmers, indigenous people and displaced communities).Towards creating a more inclusive understanding of cyclone preparation, response and recovery, the CCC project will develop collaborative methodologies that explore lived understandings of what 'building back better' might mean in local terms. This multi-disciplinary approach to such 'vernacular resiliencies' is intended to complement and critically enhance the CREAD agenda, holistically mapping survivor-led recoveries - past, present and future. But why mapping? We believe maps do not simply represent the world; they guide our experience of it. We will investigate and visually map cyclone resilience 'from below' by using the following research methods:- Oral, archival and architectural enquiry into hurricane histories.- Contemporary community-led digital storytelling and ethnography of life and livelihoods after Maria (with an emphasis on marginalized experiences).- Citizen-led GIS survey and cartographies of hazards, shelters and response agencies across the island.The research will produce the following outputs:An online hurricane 'resilience' map of Dominica - documenting historic and recent storm recoveries; and plotting hazard sites, shelters and support agencies to reduce future risks to wellbeing. A map that is publicly accessible, informative and easy to navigate - for citizen, policy maker and scholar alike.A series of multi-stakeholder symposia, research enskillment workshops and practice-based interventions - to build research capacities, share models of best practice (both indigenous and scientific) across scales, specialisms and sectors.A cluster of public project film screenings, a visual arts exhibition and Caribbean Climate Conversations podcast/radio show - to showcase key outputs to Dominican, British, Jamaican and international publics (promoting informed ecological citizenship).An online digital hub - an archive of research outputs to stand as a public cyclone resilience resource; and a blog space to offer a home for the pre-existing (but at present piecemeal) public conversation on disaster resilience that is ongoing in the Caribbean.A series of project investigator publications - academic articles, publicly disseminated info-zines and an edited book featuring research outcomes