THERMOREGULATORY FUNCTION OF SLOW-WAVE SLEEP AND REM SLEEP

该项目旨在研究基本的生物功能。 睡眠和睡眠阶段。睡眠，就像麻木一样，可能有助于 通过抑制对环境的行为反应来节约能源 并通过降低体温的调节水平和 新陈代谢。如此反复的能源支出小幅节省 可以提高动物在有 边际能源资源。大多数调查人员都将重点放在 慢波睡眠的能量节约方面，这似乎是 与降温机制有关。 目前的教条是，体温调节在快速眼动期间暂停。 睡吧。然而，大脑消耗了相当大的能量。 在快速眼动睡眠期间，这项支出似乎不太可能 没有任何用处。我们假设快速眼动睡眠有助于 在大脑和眼睛局部产生热量，以便 将中枢温度保持在可接受的范围内，而其余的 身体的温度在睡眠中降温。热生产完成了 通过1)增加大脑新陈代谢和2)快速眼球运动。 保持大脑温度可能有助于快速唤醒 防止睡眠和/或2)保护恒温动物的中枢神经系统组织免受 在相当大的身体期间功能或结构损害 当它们在自然环境中睡觉时就会降温。 这个项目的目的是1)记录躯体的变化 以及睡眠不同阶段的中枢神经系统温度 测量睡眠脑电和直肠、胸部、手指、眼皮、额头和 睡眠期间鼓膜温度持续升高，且 在清醒时的自愿快速眼动期间和2) 检验快速眼动睡眠维持大脑温度的假设 在身体降温期间通过测试REM睡眠产生的反应 热刺激对睡眠的作用机制 大脑。在慢波睡眠中，我们发现直肠，额头， 眼皮和鼓室温度迅速下降。在第一次 REM睡眠期间和在自愿快速眼动期间 清醒时，我们为直肠温度(体温的衡量标准)提供资金 温度)继续下降，但额头、眼皮和 鼓室温度(间接测量中枢神经系统温度)升高。 这些描述性的观察结果符合我们的模型 快速眼动睡眠中的选择性脑生热。 我们已经开始了面部加热和冷却对REM的影响 睡眠生成机制。来自这些实验的数据并没有 但已经被分析过了。

The project is designed to investigated basic biological functions of sleep and sleep stages. Sleep, like torpor, may serve to conserve energy by inhibiting behavioral responses to environmental stimuli and by lowering the regulated level of body temperature and metabolism. Such repeated small savings in energy expenditure could enhance an animal's chance of survival in environments with marginal energy resources. Most investigators have focused on energy conserving aspects of slow wave sleep, which appears to be associated with a temperature-lowering mechanism. Current dogma is that thermoregulation is suspended during REM sleep. However, considerable energy is expended by the brain during REM sleep, and it seems unlikely that this expenditure serves no useful purpose. We hypothesize that REM sleep serves to generate heat locally in the brain and the eyes in order to maintain CNS temperature within acceptable limits while the rest of the body cools during sleep. Heat production is accomplished by 1) increased brain metabolism and 2) rapid eye movements. Maintenance of brain temperature may 1) facilitate rapid arousal from sleep and/or 2) protect CNS tissue in homeotherms from functional or structural impairment during the considerable body cooling which occurs when they sleep in a natural environment. The purpose of this project is 1) to document changes in somatic and CNS temperature during the different stages of sleep by measuring sleep EEG and rectal, chest, finger, eyelid, forehead and tympanic membrane temperatures continuously during sleep, and during voluntary rapid eye movements during wakefulness and 2) to test the hypothesis that REM sleep maintains brain temperature during body cooling by testing the response of REM sleep generating mechanisms to thermal challenges administered to the sleeping brain. During slow wave sleep, we found that rectal, forehead, eyelid and tympanic temperatures decline rapidly. During the first REM sleep episode and during voluntary rapid eye movements during wakefulness, we fund that rectal temperature (a measure of somatic temperature) continues to decline, but that forehead, eyelid, and tympanic temperatures (indirect measures of CNS temperature) rise. These descriptive observations are in accord with our model of selective brain thermogenesis during REM sleep. We have begun the effects of facial heating and cooling on REM sleep generating mechanisms. Data from these experiments have not yet been analyzed.