Justice in a Changing Climate? Inclusion and Representation in Environmental Expertise

社会如何才能以社会公正和包容的方式应对气候变化？学者、政策制定者和公民面临的这一紧迫关切的动机是气候变化预计加剧及其对边缘化人群的不成比例影响，反映在全球气候议程上对环境正义的要求日益高涨。这项研究考察了专家和公众对环境知识的一种日益流行的方法--由专家和公众共同创造--或“共同生产”--的影响。尽管近年来在气候治理议程上如雨后春笋般涌现，但这种方法在实践中实施时面临着挑战，往往会产生不希望看到的结果，如“适应不良”--加剧而不是解决气候脆弱性的专业知识。这项研究旨在扩大关于如何在气候风险专业知识中反映当地弱势群体需求的知识，从而制定更公正、更具包容性和更具相关性的政策。它将分析包容性气候治理的框架和战略(例如，审查诸如反身性学习、协商民主和基于社区的适应性管理等战略)，以便为各国政府、非政府组织和制定气候适应政策的社区组织提供信息。通过研究脆弱渔业社区的经验和风险框架，它将对如何使气候专门知识对当地人民更具相关性和更负责任进行关键的调查。它还将促进三个关键领域的学术知识。首先，人文地理学家越来越多地呼吁制定“变革性”气候政策--那些超越渐进解决方案的政策，以“重新配置发展的意义和轨迹”。了解气候专业知识如何能够反映当地弱势群体的需求和呼声，是通过促进干预对气候未来的想象和发展来从结构上改变气候未来的关键。第二，灾害学者越来越多地辩论气候脆弱性在多大程度上存在于地球物理变化或这种变化经历的社会经济方式中。这项研究将通过开发一个新的概念框架来研究脆弱性和环境专门知识如何相互影响和塑造，从而促进这些辩论。第三，科学和技术研究(STS)越来越多地寻求了解不同群体如何赋予环境风险以意义，但迄今主要研究了成熟民主国家的社会经济稳健社区。这项研究将通过分析边缘化社区如何能够塑造气候专业知识，为这些辩论做出贡献。

How can societies address climate change in ways that are socially just and inclusive? This urgent concern facing scholars, policymakers and citizens is motivated by the projected intensification of climate change and its disproportionate effects on marginalized people and is reflected in mounting demands for environmental justice on the global climate agenda. This research examines implications of an increasingly popular approach to this issue - the collaborative creation - or "coproduction" - of environmental knowledge by experts and publics. Despite mushrooming on the climate governance agenda in recent years, this approach has faced challenges when implemented in practice, often generating unwanted outcomes such as "maladaptation" - expertise that exacerbates rather than addresses climate vulnerability.This research seeks to expand knowledge about how the needs of local vulnerable people can be reflected in expertise about climate risk and thereby create policies that are more just, inclusive and relevant. It will analyse frameworks and strategies of inclusive climate governance (for example by examining strategies such as reflexive learning, deliberative democracy, and community-based adaptive management) that can inform governments, NGOs and community organizations developing climate adaptation policies. By studying the experiences and risk-framings of vulnerable fishing communities it will provide critical inquiry into how climate expertise can be made more relevant and accountable to local people. It will also advance academic knowledge in three key areas. First, there is a growing call among Human Geographers for "transformative" climate policies - those which look beyond incremental solutions to "reconfigure the meaning and trajectory of development". Understanding how climate expertise can reflect the needs and voices of local vulnerable people is key to structurally transforming climate futures by facilitating intervention in how they are imagined and developed.Second, Disaster scholars increasingly debate the extent to which climate vulnerability lies in geo-physical change or the socio-economic ways this change is experienced. This research will contribute to these debates by developing a new conceptual framework for examining how vulnerability and environmental expertise mutually inform and shape one another. Third, research in Science and Technology Studies (STS) increasingly seeks to understand how diverse groups attach meaning to environmental risks, yet has hitherto largely studied socio-economically robust communities in established democracies. This research will contribute to these debates by analyzing how marginalized communities are able to shape climate expertise.