A NARRATIVE BASED BEREAVEMENT INTERVENTION

关于悲伤是否会对人们的健康、社会或经济造成不利影响，存在一些争议。 一些研究表明，失去亲人会影响一个人生活的各个方面，并造成相当大的痛苦。其他研究表明，在两年内，失去亲人的人与没有失去亲人的人是无法区分的。 然而，大多数研究表明，丧亲的头六个月或一年对几乎所有悲伤的人来说都是一段艰难的时期。 这项研究的一个前提是，悲伤的人将受益于早期干预，并可以帮助他们处理悲伤。这项研究的另一个前提是，丧亲之痛是对一个人生命意义感的挑战。 人们必须承担起在重大损失中寻找意义的任务。 在西方文化中，意义的创造通常是通过叙事来完成的。也就是说，人们通过构建关于他们是谁的叙述来理解他们生活的意义。 本研究的目的是帮助失去亲人的人与他们的个人叙述后，重大损失。目的：测试一组接受基于叙述的干预的丧亲者是否会比接受正常护理的人更快更全面地处理丧亲之痛。 设计：这将是一个两组实验设计。 样本：在两年半的时间里，死者家属将通过UVa健康科学中心死者事务办公室进行鉴定。 如果他们希望参与研究，将通过信函要求他们返回明信片或致电研究者。招募将持续到160人自愿参加研究。 程序：当人们被招募到研究中时，他们将被随机分配到两组。 对照组不接受干预，但将被鼓励寻求他们认为合适的护理，“正常护理”，治疗组将接受干预。干预措施：干预措施将包括在六个月内由一名经过专门训练的人进行九次访问，以帮助人们围绕生活中的事件构建有意义的个人叙述。数据收集和分析：定性和定量数据（问卷）将用于确定两组受试者成功处理丧亲之痛的程度。

Some controversy exists as to whether grief has adverse health, social, or economic risks for people. Some studies have shown that the loss of a loved one affects all aspects of a person's life and causes considerable suffering. Other studies have shown that within two years bereaved people are indistinguishable from those who are not bereaved. However most of the studies have demonstrated that the first six months or year of bereavement is a difficult time for almost all grieving people. One premise of this study is that grieving people will benefit from early intervention and can be helped in dealing with their grief. Another premise of the study is that bereavement is a challenge to a person's sense of meaning in life. People must take on the task of finding meaning in a significant loss. Meaning making in Western Culture is generally done through the use of narratives. That is, people come to understand the meaning of their lives by constructing a narrative about who they are. The aim of the present study is to help bereaved people with their personal narratives after a significant loss. Aims: to test whether a group of bereaved people receiving a narrative-based intervention will deal with bereavement quicker and more completely than a group receiving normal care. Design: This will be a two-group experimental design. Sample: Over a two-and-a-half-year period, bereaved people will be identified through the UVa Health Sciences Center, Office of Decedent Affairs. They will be asked via a letter to return a post card or to call the investigators if they wish to be in the study. The recruitment will continue until 160 people have volunteered for the study. Procedure: As people are recruited into the study, they will be randomly assigned into two groups. The control group, who will not receive the intervention but will be encouraged to seek care as they see fit, "normal care", and the treatment group who will receive the intervention. Intervention: The intervention will consist of nine visits over a six-month period from a person specially trained to listen in such a way and ask questions in such a way as to help people construct a meaningful personal narrative around the events in their lives. Data Collection and Analysis: Both qualitative and quantitative data (questionnaires) will be used to determine the extent to which subjects in both groups are successfully dealing with bereavement.