GroundsWell: Community-engaged and Data-informed Systems Transformation of Urban Green and Blue Space for Population Health

有强有力的证据表明，城市地区的自然环境，如公园、林地、湖泊和海滩，对健康有积极的影响。这些城市绿色和蓝色空间如果能够获得、使用、重视和充分利用，特别是对弱势群体而言，可以成为保护和平等健康的巨大资产。问题是他们不是。这在很大程度上是因为参与设计、创建、管理、推广、维护和使用UGBS的许多政策、组织和社区是脱节的。此外，UGBS最能帮助的不那么脆弱的社区的声音要么没有被听到，要么没有说服力。也许正因为如此，这些社区从这些空间中获益的可能性要小得多。我们知道，我们所拥有的UGBS并不是我们为更好和更平等的健康做出最大贡献所需要的UGBS。GroundsWell旨在改变这一点。我们提出了一个新的伙伴关系-研究人员与社区和那些谁目前创造和控制UGBS，规划，设计和管理它更好地使它有利于每个人，特别是那些谁最需要它。主要的研究将在三个城市进行--贝尔法斯特、爱丁堡和利物浦。这些社区有足够的相似性（如大型和多样化的低收入社区），但也有独特的特征（如地理和文化），使它们成为理想的实验室。每个城市都有政策和计划来改善UGBS，但仍有很大的改进空间。GroundsWell将采取系统方法。这意味着了解政策制定，实践，感知和人的多重和相互关联的组成部分，这些组成部分共同影响UGBS的存在，位置，特征和使用。这也意味着要努力改造系统，使各组成部分共同发挥作用。为此，GroundsWell将混合新理论框架的共同开发，包括模拟，卫生经济学和政策分析在内的新型数据科学，但其核心将是社区参与和伙伴关系。我们将开发和使用有意义的社区参与，共同制作和公民科学来了解系统，确定它是如何以及在哪里被打破的，并共同创造解决方案。我们预期的干预措施，旨在如何UGBS系统的运作，和小规模的干预措施，围绕实际的空间和他们的使用。数据在理解系统中发挥着重要作用。GroundsWell将开发一个可访问、可信赖和与政策相关的系统，以整理、收集、存储和共享三个城市的UGBS数据。这些数据将用于帮助整个联盟了解那里的UGBS，确定可能的干预措施，然后评估它们是否有效，为谁工作以及为什么工作，创建反馈循环，以帮助我们不断监测，学习和适应我们所做的事情。还将使用新的模拟方法来建议干预措施，特别是在这三个城市之外可能有效的干预措施。卫生经济学将提出什么是最物有所值的建议。采取行动和解决方案的一个重要部分是了解它们是否有效（或不起作用）。对我们的行动和整个联合会的评估将与我们的社区合作进行，利用我们建立的新数据系统，使他们能够直接看到这一进程是否以及如何使他们受益。特别是，我们将评估和分享我们对健康不平等的影响。我们对可能的影响规模持现实态度。在现有的UGBS和当地社区的小行动不太可能影响人口水平的健康和不平等在我们的资助期间。正因如此，我们会集中改善整个教资会系统，为长远利益奠下基础。我们知道使用和享受UGBS是成年人传给孩子的东西。如果GroundsWell能够改善和平衡UGBS的作用，它将产生持久的影响。

There is strong evidence that natural environments within urban areas, such as parks, woodlands, lakes and beaches, have positive impacts on health. These urban green and blue spaces (UGBS) could be huge assets for protecting and equalising health if they were available, accessible, valued and well-used, particularly by less advantaged groups. The problem is that they are not. This is largely because the many policies, organisations and communities involved in designing, creating, managing, promoting, maintaining and using UGBS are disconnected. Also, the voices of less advantaged communities that UGBS could be helping most are either not heard or not persuasive. Perhaps as a consequence, those communities are much less likely to benefit from these spaces. We know that the UGBS we have are not the UGBS we need to make the best possible contribution to better and more equal health. GroundsWell aims to change that. We propose a new partnership - researchers working together with communities and those who currently create and control UGBS, to plan, design and manage it better so that it benefits everyone, especially those who need it most. The main research will take place in three cities - Belfast, Edinburgh and Liverpool. These have sufficient similarities (such as large and diverse low-income communities) but also distinct features (such as geography and culture) making them, collectively, an ideal laboratory. Each city already has policies and programmes in place to improve UGBS, but there is much room for improvement. GroundsWell will take a systems approach. This means understanding the multiple and interconnecting components of policy-making, practice, perception and people which together affect the presence, location, character and use of UGBS. It also means working to transform the system so that the components function together. To do this, GroundsWell will mix co-development of new theoretical frameworks, novel data science including simulation, health economics and policy analysis, but at its heart will be community engagement and partnership. We will develop and use meaningful community engagement, co-production and citizen science to understand the system, identify how and where it is broken, and co-create solutions. We anticipate interventions aimed at how the UGBS system operates, and small-scale interventions around actual spaces and their use.Data play an important part in understanding systems. GroundsWell will develop an accessible, trustworthy and policy-relevant system to collate, collect, house and share data on UGBS across the three cities. These data will be used to help the whole Consortium understand the UGBS there, identify possible interventions, and then assess whether they work, for whom and why, creating feedback loops to help us continually monitor, learn and adapt what we do. Novel simulation approaches will also be used to suggest interventions, and in particular what could be effective beyond the three cities. Health economics will suggest what would be best value for money. An important part of putting actions and solutions in place is understanding if they work (or not). Evaluation of our actions and the Consortium as a whole will be undertaken in partnership with our communities, drawing on the new data system we establish, and enabling them to directly see whether and how the process has benefited them. In particular, we will assess and share our impacts on health inequalities. We are realistic about the likely scale of our impacts. Small actions within existing UGBS and local communities are unlikely to affect population level health and inequalities within our funded period. That is why we are going to focus on improving the UGBS system as a whole, laying foundations for long-term benefits. We know that the use and enjoyment of UGBS is something that adults pass on to their children. If GroundsWell can improve and equalise the role of UGBS, it will achieve a lasting impact.