AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF AIRWAY SMOOTH MUSCLE TONE

描述：呼吸道平滑肌由兴奋性和非兴奋性 抑制性自主神经。人类自主神经引起的收缩 是由乙酰胆碱介导的，而主要的松弛药是 大鼠气道平滑肌神经支配既不能肾上腺素也不能胆碱 自然界，被描述为非肾上腺素、非胆碱或纳米 放松神经支配。这些自主神经的抵消作用 在调节呼吸道平滑肌张力方面起主要作用，因此 可能是肺生理学和病理生理学的综合效应因子。它 我的长期目标是更彻底地了解 对呼吸道的自主控制。有人建议，纳米 松弛神经对呼吸道的胆碱能神经起到刹车作用， 防止副交感神经抬高期过度收缩 (胆碱能)音。有人进一步提出，这些细胞的功能障碍 松弛神经可能参与了肺部疾病的发病机制。 尽管这种可能性和它们作为主要松弛神经的作用 呼吸道，对Nanc松弛药的调节知之甚少 肺的神经支配。本文要解决的中心假设是 建议说，Nanc松弛神经在解剖学上和 生理上与所有其他支配呼吸道的自主神经截然不同 因此，可能会以一种完全 与其他支配肺的神经不同。此外，它还 有人断言，任何试图定义这些神经在 调节气道张力将需要更好地了解他们的 解剖学和生理学特征。为此，一个多学科的 将使用方法来彻底地表征形态和 豚鼠呼吸道NANC松弛神经的生理特性。 此外，使用细胞内电生理记录 研究呼吸道反射的技术和体内模型，一些基本原理 它们在副交感神经节水平上的调节 通过中枢调节的反射将被定义。这是意料之中的 这些信息将有助于我们更好地理解 健康和患病肺的自主神经支配。

DESCRIPTION: Airway smooth muscle is innervated by excitatory and inhibitory autonomic nerves. In humans autonomic nerve-induced constriction of the airways is mediated by acetylcholine while the predominant relaxant innervation of airway smooth muscle is neither adrenergic nor cholinergic in nature and has been described as the nonadrenergic, noncholinergic or NANC relaxant innervation. The counteracting actions of these autonomic nerves play a primary role in regulating airway smooth muscle tone and are thus likely to be integral effectors of lung physiology and pathophysiology. It is my long-term objective to develop a more thorough understanding of the autonomic control of the airways. It has been proposed that the NANC relaxant nerves serve as a brake on the cholinergic nerves of airways, preventing excessive constriction during periods of elevated parasympathetic (cholinergic) tone. It has been further proposed that dysfunction of these relaxant nerves might contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease. Despite this possibility and their role as the primary relaxant nerves of the airways, very little is known about the regulation of the NANC relaxant innervation of the lung. The central hypothesis to be addressed in this proposal is that the NANC relaxant nerves are anatomically and physiologically distinct from all other autonomic nerves innervating airway smooth muscle and consequently, may be regulated in a way that is entirely different from that of the other nerves innervating the lung. Further, it is asserted that any attempt to define the role of these nerves in regulating airway tone will require a better understanding of their anatomical and physiological attributes. To this end, a multidisciplinary approach will be employed to thoroughly characterize the morphological and physiological attributes of the NANC relaxant nerves of guinea pig airways. In addition, using both intracellular electrophysiological recording techniques and an in vivo model to study airway reflexes, some fundamental aspects of their regulation both at the level of the parasympathetic ganglia and through centrally-mediated reflexes will be defined. It is anticipated that this information will improve our understanding of the role of the autonomic innervation of the healthy and diseased lung.