RETENTION OF DIETARY FLUORIDE BY INFANTS

氟化物主要通过牙齿表面的局部作用来防止龋齿，而釉质氟中毒完全是全身性的。 流行病学资料有力地表明，在某些情况下，婴儿期氟摄入是恒牙氟中毒发生的一个致病因素。 婴儿的氟化物含量差别很大，从氟化物含量极低的母乳到氟化物浓度超过1000 mug/L的用氟化水重构的配方奶粉。 以下问题将得到解决：（1）什么是保留的氟所造成的广泛的氟摄入量提供目前的婴儿喂养方案？(2)从大豆配方奶粉中吸收的氟化物比从牛奶配方奶粉中吸收的要少吗？这些问题将通过对正常婴儿的代谢平衡研究来回答。 预计结果将表明，氟化物保留与氟化物摄入量成比例，并且当喂食用氟化水重构的粉末配方时，氟化物保留将比喂食即食配方时高得多。 当喂食浓缩液体配方时，氟化物的保留应该是中等的。 所有配方奶粉的氟潴留率都高于文献报道的母乳喂养婴儿的氟潴留率。 拟议的研究将获得必要的数据，以制定关于婴儿氟化物摄入量的合理建议。

Fluoride protects against dental caries primarily through local effects at the tooth surface, whereas enamel fluorosis is entirely of systemic origin. Epidemiologic data strongly suggest that, under some conditions, fluoride intake during infancy is a causative factor in development of fluorosis of the permanent teeth. Feedings for infants differ very widely with regard to fluoride content, ranging from breast milk with its extremely low fluoride content to powder formulas reconstituted with fluoridated water, which have fluoride concentrations in excess of 1000 mug/L. The following questions will be addressed: (1) What is the retention of fluoride resulting from the wide range of fluoride intakes provided by current infant feeding regimens? (2) Is fluoride absorbed less well from soy formulas than from milk-based formulas? These questions will be answered with the use of metabolic balance studies in normal infants. It is expected that the results will show that fluoride retention is proportional to fluoride intake and that fluoride retention will be much higher when powder formulas reconstituted with fluoridated water are fed than when ready-to-feed formulas are fed. Fluoride retention should be intermediate when concentrated liquid formulas are fed. Fluoride retention with all formulas will be higher than fluoride retention reported in the literature for breast-fed infants. The proposed research will obtain the data necessary for developing sound recommendations regarding fluoride intake by infants.