HIGH GLYCEMIC DIET AND RISK OF NIDDM AND CHD

说明(改编自应用程序) 这是DK02767“高血糖饮食与2型糖尿病和糖尿病的风险”的重新提交。 CRD是一项K08高级培训和研究计划，旨在帮助您实现职业生涯 糖尿病和心血管流行病学方面的独立临床科学家 特别强调营养和预防慢性病。这个 候选人将开发、完善和验证护士健康研究(NHS) 用于评估每个国民健康保险制度的血糖和胰岛素指数的数据库 受试者长期膳食血糖负荷与胰岛素需求及评价 它们对2型糖尿病(DM)发病率的潜在影响 冠心病(CHD)。在这次重新提交中，我们有大量的 修订了提案，考虑到 评论家们。我们将继续集中精力对 前瞻性采集膳食中碳水化合物对疾病风险的影响 英国国家医疗服务体系的数据和血液样本。我们添加了两个新组件，包括 A)确认两个饮食变量--血糖指数和胰岛素 指数-使用包括糖化血红蛋白Alc在内的一系列生物标志物 糖化血红蛋白、C肽、甘油三酯和胰岛素；以及b)扩大范围 进行嵌套式病例对照研究，以进一步了解 膳食碳水化合物、血糖指数和负荷，以及胰岛素指数和负荷 2型LIM和CHD的风险。此外，我们还提供了新的初步数据 通过食物频率评估膳食血糖指数和碳水化合物摄入量 非糖尿病和冠心病护士空腹甘油三酯问卷调查 提供了空腹血样。此外，我们还对以下内容进行了批判性审查 关于血糖指数临床应用的现有文献。 我们认为，详细的暴露信息和多重饮食 在这个由121,700名女性组成的庞大的预期队列中进行的评估提供了一个独特的 有机会研究有争议的话题对健康的影响 碳水化合物质量。通过这个过程，刘博士将获得充足的技能 和经验，成为一名独立的临床医生科学家和教育工作者 营养与慢性病防控领域。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from the application) This is a resubmission of DK02767 "High glycemic diet and risk of type 2 DM and CRD, " a K08 program for advanced training and research leading to a career as an independent clinical scientist in diabetes and cardiovascular epidemiology with particular emphasis on nutrition and prevention of chronic disease. The candidate will develop, refine, and validate the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) database for both the glycemic and insulin indices to assess each NHS participant's long term dietary glycemic load and insulin demand and evaluate their potential effects on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD). In this resubmission, we have substantially revised the proposal, taking into account each of the major concerns raised by the reviewers. We continue to focus on a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of carbohydrates on disease risk using prospectively collected dietary data and blood samples in the NHS. We have added two new components including a) validating the two dietary variables-glycemic index and insulinemic index-using a series of biomarkers including glycosylated hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc), C-peptide, triglyceride (TG), and insulin; and b) expanding the scope of the nested case-control studies to further understand the relations of dietary carbohydrate, glycemic index and load, and insulin index and load with risk of type 2 LIM and CHD. Further, we provide new preliminary data relating dietary glycemic index and carbohydrate intake assessed by our food frequency questionnaire to fasting TG in a sample of nurses without DM and CHD who provided fasting blood samples. In addition, we provide a critical review of the available literature regarding the clinical usefulness of glycemic index. We believe that the detailed exposure information and multiple dietary assessments in this large prospective cohort of 121, 700 women offer a unique opportunity to study the controversial topic of the health effects of carbohydrate quality. Through the process, Dr. Liu will acquire ample skills and experience to become an independent clinician scientist and educator in the field of nutrition and chronic disease prevention and control.