CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSES IN BLACK FEMALE CAREGIVERS

有色人种老年人的比例增加了两倍 占主导地位的白色美国人口的比率。 随着年龄的增长， 他们最终会变得更加依赖他人的照顾。 对于一些 对妇女来说，照顾者的角色是自我选择的，而对其他人来说，则是默认的。 然而，对护理反应的研究集中在 主要基于自我报告的心理和身体健康反应 在大多数白色女性的方便样本中。 此外，大多数 研究是横断面的，没有对照组， 非看护者 有限的研究涉及生理反应 (i.e.,心血管反应）。 然而，一个主要的问题是， 护理人员及其支持系统是心血管系统的 在日常生活和未来，对护理的反应。 为 例如，随着时间的推移，血压的可重复升高会增加 终末器官疾病的风险（例如，肾病）。 其他关切问题 是其它竞争需求（例如，日常的麻烦邻里犯罪 共病）在护理人员的生活和可用资源， 解决他们。 一个资源，已收到有限的审查，在照顾 给予者的研究是学会了足智多谋。 因此，这一总体目标 研究确定了心血管反应和相关干预 因素（例如，学会了足智多谋），以照顾给予黑人女性 在工作、睡眠和工作后，照顾者与非照顾者相比 情况，三年多来。 一个概念模型描述了 黑人女性的竞争需求和资源 照顾者与非照顾者相比可能会影响心血管反应 提出并将使用回归和方程建模进行测试 技术. 研究重点是24小时动态血压和 在随机选择的黑人女性护理人员样本中， 严重缺乏。 护士研究人员努力确定的因素， 影响对护理的反应。 正常心血管疾病研究 照顾者对压力的反应很重要，因为研究结果将 通过适当的干预措施， 将有一个漫长的生命。 护士处于帮助布莱克的最佳位置 女性评估他们的血压和脉搏反应，以照顾给予 并就如何调整需求、资源和 应对他们生活中的反应，以促进健康的结果。

The proportionate representation of elders of color is increasing at twice the rate of the predominant White American population. As persons age, they eventually become more dependent on others for their care. For some women, the care giver role is self-selected, and for others, by default. However, studies of the responses to care giving have focused predominantly on self-reported psychological and physical health responses in mostly convenience samples of White females. In addition, most of the studies have been cross-sectional and without a comparison group of noncaregivers. Limited studies have addressed physiological responses (i.e., cardiovascular responses) over time. Yet, a major concern for caregivers and their support systems is the cardiovascular system's response to care giving, both on a daily basis and in the future. For example, reproducible elevations in blood pressure over time increase the risk for end organ disease (e.g., kidney disease). Additional concerns are the other competing demands (e.e., daily hassles, neighborhood crime, comorbidities) in the lives of caregivers and the available resources to address them. One resource that has received limited examination in care giver research is learned resourcefulness. Thus, the overall aim of this study is identify and cardiovascular responses, and associated intervening factors (e.g., learned resourcefulness), to care giving in Black female caregivers compared to noncaregivers during work, sleep, and post work situations and over three years. A conceptual model describing the process by which competing demands and resources of Black females caregivers compared to noncaregivers may affect cardiovascular responses is proposed and will be tested using regression and equation modeling techniques. Research focusing on 24 hour ambulatory blood pressures and pulses in a randomly selected sample of Black female caregivers is severely lacking. Nurse researchers strive to identify factors that affect responses to care giving. Studies of normal cardiovascular responses to stress among caregivers are important because findings will increase the likelihood that, with appropriate interventions, caregivers will have a linger life. Nurses are in an optimal position to help black females evaluate their blood pressure and pulse responses to care giving and make informed decisions about how to adjust demands, resources and coping responses in their lives to facilitate healthy outcomes.