EFFECT OF EXERCISE & DIET ON ENERGY EXPENDITURE & BODY COMPOSITION IN

在富裕的社会中，肥胖正在显著增加，这一趋势包括儿童和青少年。体重增加的原因是卡路里摄入量超过卡路里(能量)消耗。肥胖症患病率的增加代表着人口向正能量平衡的转变。与能量消耗不同，饮食摄入量和体力活动代表了这种平衡方程式的行为，因此是可改变的方面。研究表明，对于超重母亲的婴儿、PIMA印度成年人和患有Prader-Willi综合征的儿童来说，能量消耗的减少可能是肥胖的风险因素，尽管这在其他人群中不太明显。最近的研究表明，体育锻炼对成年人体重增加有明显的保护作用。这些研究没有在其他健康的肥胖儿童和青少年中进行。这项研究将评估低脂肪(总卡路里的30%)饮食和中等强度运动计划对健康肥胖儿童和青少年的能量消耗和身体组成的影响，并与对照组患者进行比较：肥胖儿童接受“标准”体重管理建议(没有正式的跟进)。这些测定将使用间接量热法、双标记水(DLW)和双能X射线吸收法(DEXA)分析来完成。该项目的长期目标是提高对预防和治疗儿童肥胖症的认识和建议。

Obesity is increasing significantly in affluent societies, this trend includes children and adolescents. Weight gain results from caloric intake exceeding caloric (energy) expenditure. The increase in prevalence of obesity represents a population shift towards positive energy balance. Dietary intake and physical activity represent the behavioral, and therefore modifiable aspects of this balance equation, unlike energy expenditure. It has been shown that reduced energy expenditure may constitute a risk factor for obesity for infants of overweight mothers, Pima Indian adults, and children with Prader-Willi syndrome, although this is less clear in other populations. Recent studies show that physical exercise has a pronounced protective effect against weight gain in adults. These studies have not been performed in otherwise healthy obese children and adolescents. This study will assess the effect of a low-fat (<30% total calories) diet and a moderate intensity exercise program in healthy obese children and adolescents upon energy expenditure and body composition compared to control patients: obese children who receive "standard" advice (without formal follow-up) for weight management. These determinations will be accomplished using indirect calorimetry, doubly labelled water (DLW), and DEXA (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) analysis. The long-term goals of this project are to improve the understanding and recommendations for the prevention and treatment of obesity in children.