Integrated Catchment and Reservoir Systems Management

该提案是为卡迪夫大学地球与海洋科学部的鲁珀特·帕金斯博士提供定向实习机会，该实习机会位于南威尔士格拉摩根纳尔逊的威尔士水务公司（DCWW）。帕金斯将在12个月内花费80%的时间专注于集水和水库管理的研究，以确定当前的知识领域以及在供水质量管理方面缺乏知识的地方。现有的DCWW滤水厂没有能力处理气候变化导致的藻类代谢物味道和气味化合物的增加。如果不能查明藻类大量繁殖的原因和相关的供水问题，并在集水区和水库管理方面制定适当的管理步骤，那么增加处理能力将需要大量费用，这不是一个可持续的解决办法，而且鉴于相关的化学品和能源使用，会产生明显的环境影响。水库处理方案费用昂贵，而且由于对藻类大量繁殖和水质影响的知识/根本原因分析不足，往往存在不适当的危险。这是英国水务行业的一个新问题，我们需要做更多的工作来积极了解这些问题，而不是等待气候变化。该项目有四个首要目标：审查目前以DCWW内部数据和文献中现有形式存在的知识;确定知识或数据有限或缺乏的领域;确定气候变化引起的降雨量和温度的预测变化如何影响供水质量;开发一个案例研究，总结这些水质管理领域，并为水务局和学术界之间的未来研究合作提出建议。该项目将采用集水区和水库综合管理办法，利用DCWW在南威尔士监测的现场数据集。该项目将对集水和水库系统的知识现状进行分析，以确定目前最佳的循证管理。这将利用DCWW内关于集水水质和集水管理的现有数据的分析，以及这些数据如何与水库水质和管理的现有数据联系起来。它将确定如何通过现有的研究知识和系统监测来支持这一点，同时评估管理层内的知识差距，以确定研究需求。这将构成供水系统管理综合办法的基础，并说明在预测的气候变化情景下（夏季降雨量减少、冬季降雨量增加、环境温度升高），供水系统管理可能发生的变化。这将通过Dwr Cymru Welsh Water内水生生物学（申请人，Perkins）当前专家的定向实习来实现，以分析现有的内部监测和研究数据，审查英国和更远地区内更广泛的湖泊和水库管理研究状况，并确定目前这两个数据/信息来源领域未满足的循证管理需求。申请人是这个角色的理想人选，拥有超过15年的淡水研究经验，目前与DCWW在水库管理，集水区和营养管理，微藻和蓝藻生态学和生物生理学，湖泊恢复机制和气候变化对淡水食物网的影响方面进行合作。

This proposal is for a Directed Internship for Dr Rupert Perkins, Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, within Der Cymru Welsh Water (DCWW) based in Nelson, Glamorgan, South Wales. Perkins will spend 80% of his time over 12 months focussing on the study of catchment and reservoir management to determine current areas of knowledge and where this is lacking with respect to management of water supply quality. Existing DCWW water treatment works do not have the capability to deal with climate change induced increases in algal metabolite taste and odour compounds. If the causes of algal blooms and associated water supply issues cannot be identified, and suitable management steps in catchment and reservoir management developed, there will be a significant cost to increase treatment capacity, which is not a sustainable solution and has obvious environmental implications given the associated chemical and energy use. Reservoir treatment options are expensive and there is a danger that they are often inappropriate due to poor knowledge / root cause analysis of algal blooms and water quality impacts. This is an emerging issue for the water industry in the UK, and we need to do more to understand the issues proactively and not wait for climate change. The project has four overarching aims: to review current knowledge in the form available in house data within DCWW and within literature; to determine areas where knowledge or data are limited or lacking; to determine how climate change induced predicted changes in rainfall and temperature may impact upon water supply quality; to develop a case study summarising these areas of water quality management with recommendations for future research collaboration between Water Authorities and academia. The project will use an integrated catchment and reservoir management approach using DCWW monitored site data sets within South Wales. The project will deliver an analysis of current state of knowledge of catchment and reservoir systems to determine current best evidence based management. This will utilise analysis of current available data within DCWW on catchment water quality and catchment management and how this links with available data for reservoir water quality and management. It will determine how well this is supported through existing research knowledge and systems monitoring, coupled with assessment of knowledge gaps within management to determine research needs. This will form the basis for an integrated approach to water supply systems management and how this is likely to change under predicted climate change scenarios (decrease in summer rainfall, increase in winter rainfall, increase in ambient temperature). This will be achieved through the Directed Internship of a current specialist in aquatic biology (the applicant, Perkins) within Dwr Cymru Welsh Water to analyse existing in-house monitoring and research data, review of wider lake and reservoir management research status within the UK and further afield and determination of the needs of evidence based management not currently met by these two areas of data/information sources. The applicant is ideal for this role having over 15 y experience of freshwater research and a current collaboration with DCWW on reservoir management, catchments and nutrient management, microalgal and cyanobacteria ecology and photophysiology, lake recovery mechanisms and climate change impacts on freshwater foodwebs.