Community Water Management for a Liveable London (CAMELLIA)

伦敦和东南部是英国的经济“发电站”，贡献了40%的GDP。目前住房短缺，特别是经济适用房，伦敦计划到2036年每年新建5万套住房。伦敦不断增长的人口及其规划的住房需要供水，并尽可能减少洪水。然而，该地区易受缺水（干旱）和洪水的影响。2012年春天，伦敦面临着可能是最严重的干旱，人们担心亲和水是否能为一些奥运赛事提供足够的水。相比之下，夏季持续的降雨导致局部洪水泛滥，泰晤士河屏障两次关闭。这种从极度缺水到水资源过剩的转变，持续了半年多，凸显了伦敦在管理水环境方面面临的重大挑战。随着气候变化以及伦敦预期的经济增长和相关的人口增长，这一挑战可能会恶化。它还表明，干旱和洪水是水文谱的两端，其政治监督，即治理，需要管理的是一个整体。正是这种对综合、协作和适当管理的需求是CAMELLIA的核心。以伦敦为重点，CAMELLIA将汇集环境、工程、城市规划和社会经济专家，以及政府和规划部门、行业、开发商和市民，提供解决方案，使伦敦所需的住房增长，同时可持续地管理城市的水和环境。CAMELLIA将由伦敦帝国理工学院领导，与伦敦大学学院的研究人员合作，牛津大学和英国地质调查局。该方案得到了社区、政策制定者和行业的支持，包括：地方和国家政府、环境监管机构、水务公司、住房协会和开发商、环境慈善机构和信托基金。最终，该计划旨在转变合作水管理，以支持在重大住房开发的背景下提供成本更低、性能更好的水基础设施，同时改善人们的当地环境和生活质量。自然环境和城市水基础设施之间的关系非常复杂，包括生态、水文、经济、技术、政治和社会因素。至关重要的是，政策和管理要了解水文和生态系统的最新科学认识。然而，为了使这些知识产生改变并产生影响，它需要定位在更广泛的社会技术和经济系统中。CAMELLIA将提供一个系统框架，将自然环境研究委员会资助的科学转化为决策。使一系列组织和人员能够为系统思维和共同设计的工具做出贡献，并应用这些工具来实现水资源综合管理和治理的范式转变，这是CAMELLIA的基础。这将实现真实的利益相关者参与水资源管理决策的目标，并提供一个模板，不仅为伦敦的增长，但为其他城市，地区和社区的国家和全球。拟议的工作方案包括四个工作包，解决四个关键问题，即：如何理解该系统？如何建立综合系统的模型？如何分析这一制度？如何应用这种系统方法来产生影响？为了帮助关注这些问题，正在使用四个伦敦的案例研究，每个案例都反映了一个关键问题：南华克（城市更新）;泰晤士米德（住房开发）;莫格登（水基础设施再生）;恩菲尔德（洪水风险和水质）。从这些数据中，一个综合系统模型将应用于整个城市，以帮助指导政策、规划和水管理决策。

London and the South-East is the economic 'powerhouse' of England contributing 40% of GDP. Currently there is a shortage of housing, particularly affordable homes, and 50,000 new homes per year are planned for London to 2036. The growing population of London and its planned housing require water to be supplied and flooding to be reduced as far as possible. However, the region is vulnerable to water shortages (droughts) and floods. In the spring of 2012 London was facing potentially its worst drought, with concerns whether Affinity Water could provide sufficient water for some Olympic events. By contrast, the prolonged rainfall that then fell over the summer caused localised flooding and the Thames barrier being closed twice. This swing, over half a year, from extreme shortage of water to excess highlights the major challenge London faces to manage the water environment. This challenge is likely to worsen with climate change alongside the expected economic growth of London and associated increase in population. It also shows how droughts and flooding are two ends of a hydrological spectrum, whose political oversight, i.e. governance, needs to be managed was a whole. It is this need for integrated, collaborative and appropriate management that lies at the heart of CAMELLIA. Focusing on London, CAMELLIA will bring together environmental, engineering, urban planning and socio-economic experts with governmental and planning authorities, industry, developers and citizens to provide solutions that will enable required housing growth in London whilst sustainably managing water and environment in the city.CAMELLIA will be led by Imperial College London, working in collaboration with researchers at University College London, the University of Oxford, and the British Geological Survey. The programme is supported by communities, policymakers and industry including: local and national government, environmental regulators, water companies, housing associations and developers, environmental charities and trusts. Ultimately, the programme aims to transform collaborative water management to support the provision of lower cost and better performing water infrastructure in the context of significant housing development, whilst improving people's local environments and their quality of life.The relationships between the natural environment and urban water infrastructure are highly complex, comprised of ecological, hydrological, economic, technical, political and social elements. It is vital that policy and management are informed by the latest scientific understanding of hydrological and ecological systems. However, for this knowledge to make a change and have an impact, it needs to be positioned within wider socio-technical and economic systems. CAMELLIA will provide a systems framework to translate Natural Environmental Research Council-funded science into decision-making. Enabling a range of organisations and people to contribute to, and apply systems-thinking and co-designed tools to create a paradigm shift in integrated water management and governance underpins CAMELLIA. This will achieve the goal of real stakeholder engagement in water management decisions and provide a template, not just for London's growth, but for other cities, regions and communities both nationally and globally. The proposed work programme consists of four work packages which address 4 key questions, namely: How to understand the system?; How to model the integrated system?; How to analyse that system?; How to apply this systems approach to create impact? To help focus these questions, four London based case studies are being used, each reflecting a key issue: Southwark (urban renewal); Thamesmead (housing development); Mogden (water infrastructure regeneration); Enfield (Flood risk and water quality). From these, an integrated systems model will be applied to the entire city in order to help guide policy, planning and water management decisions.