Smart Systems Approaches for Climate Resilient Livestock Production

有弹性、可持续的畜牧业生产是未来粮食系统的一个主要缺口。在英国，室外生猪产量占种猪群的40%，但生产效率和环境影响特别容易受到气候变化和极端天气事件的影响。这项研究将整合当地天气信息和精准农业技术，以提高我们对极端天气事件适应选择的理解，以期开发出气候智能、弹性和可持续的生产系统。将使用个体动物跟踪和监测来量化摄食行为、活动水平和非点源粪便负荷。从农场气象站收集的当地天气数据(温度、降雨量、风速和湿度)以及高分辨率的短期降水预报将与行为数据相结合，以制定优化的精确营养计划，以减少不同天气条件下的环境排放。气象资料和陆地-大气气体通量监测将被用来估计通过土壤入渗和陆面径流的途径向接收水输送的粪便和土壤养分，以及温室气体C和N通量的前期变化。基于过程的土壤C和N动态模型将被用来估计不同天气条件下粪便负荷对温室气体通量的影响。将使用基于动物和生产的措施、土壤孔隙水、气体排放和地表排水化学来调查天气情况下的饲养策略和放牧做法。研究成果将改善农场的气候服务和技术集成，确保未来的户外生猪生产是可持续的，并对气候变化和变化具有弹性。

Resilient, sustainable livestock production is a major gap in the future food system. In the UK, outdoor pig production represents 40% of the breeding herd, but production efficiency and environmental impact are particularly vulnerable to changing climate and extreme weather events. This research will integrate local weather information and precision farming technology to improve our understanding of adaptation options for extreme weather events, with a view to developing a climate-smart, resilient and sustainable production system. Individual animal tracking and monitoring will be used to quantify feeding behaviour, activity levels and non-point source manure loading. Local weather data (temperature, rainfall, wind speed and humidity) collected from the farm's weather station and high resolution short-term precipitation forecasts will be integrated with the behaviour data to develop optimised precision nutrition programs to mitigate environmental emissions for different weather conditions. Weather data and land-atmosphere gas flux monitoring will be used to estimate transport to receiving waters of manure and soil nutrients via the routes of soil infiltration and overland flow and antecedent changes in C and N greenhouse gas fluxes. Process-based modelling of soil C and N dynamics will be used to estimate the effect of manure loading on GHG fluxes in different weather conditions. Weather-informed feeding strategies and stocking practices will be investigated using animal-based and production measures, soil pore water, gas emission and surface drainage chemistry. The research outputs will improve on-farm climate services and technology integration, ensuring future outdoor pig production is sustainable and resilient to climate variability and change.