HIGH RISK PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DRUG USE AND CRIME

描述：(申请人摘要) 根据我们令人信服的发现，开始上学的孩子 在市中心的社区中，他们的道路截然不同 成年后，我们要求更多的支持，以更好地理解 经济劣势在疾病的病因和维持中的作用 药物使用和其他问题后果。缺乏令人信服的证据 科学证据表明，穷人比穷人使用更多的药物 他们并不贫穷。然而，政策制定者和社会科学家经常描述 美国市中心存在严重的吸毒问题。风险因素 对于我们工作的第一阶段所显示的药物使用包括个人， 家庭，以及邻里特点。现在的重点将放在这些方面 与贫困和不利因素有关的因素，如收入 福利，生活在贫困线以下，支付困难 账单、社区水平的贫困和相对贫困。我们还将 从以下几个方面考察邻里关系 经济劣势和毒品使用。 最初拨款的人口包括 首先是1242名非洲裔美国成年人的流行病学定义队列 19676学习，当时他们在市中心的伍德劳恩上一年级 在芝加哥附近。此外，我们还将在分析中包括 巴尔的摩出生队列，最初登记在20世纪60年代初出生 最近一次是在1992-1994年间，1992年全国家庭 药物滥用调查和全国共病调查的数据 收集于1990-92年间。这三个额外的数据集将允许 将伍德劳恩研究的结果与其他三组数据进行比较， All Will将收集大约相同年龄的年轻人的数据 差不多同一时间；其中一个数据集包括巴尔的摩 样本在人口统计学上与伍德劳恩的调查非常相似，还有一项 表示年龄在31-34岁之间的国民人口子集，用作 对照组。巴尔的摩纵向数据的增加将 允许我们考虑伍德劳恩调查结果的概括性； 两个国家数据集将提供基准，将这两个社区 在国家范围内的样本。 这项研究旨在了解早期发育模式。 导致吸毒和其他问题的后果。尽管成人吸毒 和犯罪行为是伍德劳恩队列中的重要问题，许多 在这个弱势群体中开始上学的人中， 没有这些问题的成年。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) Based upon our compelling findings that children who began their schooling within an inner city community vary dramatically in their pathways to adulthood, we are requesting additional support to better understand the role that economic disadvantage has for the etiology and maintenance of drug use and other problem outcomes. There is a dearth of convincing scientific evidence that people who are poor, use more drugs than those who are not poor. Yet policy makers and social scientists often describe grave problems of drug use within America's inner cities. The risk factors for drug use as shown in the first stage of our work includes individual, family, and neighborhood characteristics. The focus will now be on those factors that are associated with poverty and disadvantage, such as receipt of welfare, living below the poverty level, having difficulty paying one's bills, neighborhood level poverty, and relative deprivation. We will also examine the neighborhood context in terms of the relationship between economic disadvantage and drug use. The population for the initial funded grant consisted of an epidemiologically defined cohort of 1242 African American adults first studied in 19676, when they were in first grade in Woodlawn, an inner city neighborhood in Chicago. In addition, we will also include in our analyses a Baltimore birth cohort originally enrolled at birth in the early 1960s and most recently followed in 1992-1994, the 1992 National Household Survey of Drug Abuse, and the National Co-Morbidity Survey with data collected in 1990-92. These three additional data sets will allow for the comparison of findings from the Woodlawn Study with three other data sets, all will data collected on young adults of approximately the same age at approximately the same time; one of the data sets includes a Baltimore sample quite similar demographically to the Woodlawn survey, and one represents a subset aged 31-34 of a national population to be used as a comparison group. The addition of the Baltimore longitudinal data will allow us to consider the generalizability of the Woodlawn findings; the two national data sets will provide benchmark to place the two community samples within a national context. This research is designed to understand early developmental patterns leading to drug use and other problem outcomes. Although adult drug use and crime behavior are important problems among the Woodlawn cohort, many of those who began school within this disadvantaged community have reached adulthood without these problems.