The role of property, ownership and land tenure on landscape decision making: The case of Scotland's 'low carbon farming' policies

“研究综合奖学金”拟议的研究综合调查如何获得土地，所有权模式和保有权安排形状，约束或使景观决策。景观决策计划的既定目标是在英国景观中提供“更好的、基于证据的决策”，这必须与谁有权力或权威来决定土地上发生的事情相抗衡。实现土地使用变化的方式有很多，但土地保有权是理解哪种方式最具分配性的关键。在联合王国的背景下，决定权被所有权的社会文化观念所包裹，这些观念是如何随着时间的推移而形成的，形成财产法的法律的承诺和拟议的土地改革正在改变占主导地位的私有财产范式。一些现有的土地保有制度可能比其他制度更适合土地使用者面临的新的生态和农业压力。对于那些不适合的人来说，“更好的决策”的目标需要新的决策框架，新的创新权属制度或两者兼而有之。该提案通过对苏格兰不同土地保有制度的四个案例研究进行扩展的法律的地理分析来解决这些问题，每个案例都对满足与气候相关的农业食品目标的相同目标做出反应。该提案的动机是对气候导向型农业的新政策激励，包括4000万英镑的资金承诺，以改变苏格兰的农业，具有约束力的2045年净零目标，以及苏格兰可能继续与欧盟CAP气候农业目标保持一致。这些鼓励低碳农业决策的监管举措只有在土地保有权的历史、法律的和社会政治作用得到充分研究、理论化和政策考虑的情况下，才会导致有意义和公正的土地使用变化。该提案与目前两个景观决策计划资助的项目密切合作，这些项目旨在发展苏格兰景观决策的艺术，文化和历史驱动力。该研究通过以下方式产生影响：1）在不断增长的景观决策方案网络中激励新的土地保有权创新; 2）从案例研究中提供新的证据，以更好地将新兴的土地使用政策与根深蒂固的保有权关系的复杂性相结合; 3）通过面向公众的景观播客，揭示土地保有权在决策中的作用。

'Research Synthesis Fellowship'The proposed research synthesis investigates how land access, ownership patterns and tenure arrangements shape, constrain or enable landscape decision making. The stated goal of the Landscape Decisions Programme of delivering "better, evidence-based decisions within UK landscapes" must contend with who has the power or authority to decide what happens on the land. There are many ways to achieve land use changes, but land tenure is the key to understanding which way is the most distributive. In the context of the UK, the power to decide is wrapped up in socio-cultural notions of ownership, how they have been shaped over time, the legal commitments that shape property law and proposed land reforms are changing a dominant private property paradigm. Some existing land tenure regimes may be better suited than others for the new ecological and agronomic pressures on land users. For those ill-suited, the aim of 'better decisions' demands either new decision frameworks, new innovative tenure regimes or a combination of both. This proposal addresses these concerns through an extended legal geographic analysis of four case studies of differing land tenure regimes in Scotland, each reacting to the same goal of meeting climate related agri-food targets. The proposal is motivated by new policy incentives toward climate-oriented agriculture, including a £40 million funding promise to transform Scotland's Agriculture, a binding 2045 net zero target and Scotland's likely continued alignment with EU CAP climate farming targets. These regulatory moves to encourage low carbon farming decisions will only result in meaningful and just land-use change if the historical, legal and socio-political role of land tenure is adequately studied, theorised and considered in policy. This proposal works closely with two current Landscape Decisions Programme funded projects that develop the artistic, cultural and historical drivers of landscape decisions in Scotland. The research generates impact by: 1) stimulating new land tenure innovations across the growing Landscape Decisions Programme networks; 2) providing new evidence from the case studies to better align emerging land use policies with the complexities of entrenched tenure relations and; 3) Surfacing the role of land tenure in decision making through a public facing Landscapes podcast.