GGR Directorate CO2RE Hub

观察到，现在需要采取战略性的、持续的行动，以避免气候变化的进一步负面后果，并建立一个更绿色、更清洁和更公平的未来。根据政府间气候变化专门委员会的说法，全球气温的上升主要是由长期的二氧化碳排放总量驱动的。为了避免进一步的全球变暖，各国政府同意在《巴黎协定》中努力实现排放和温室气体去除（GGR）之间的平衡，即所谓的“净零”。2019年6月，英国承诺到2050年实现净零排放，成为七国集团中第一个立法实现这一目标的国家。向净零排放过渡意味着，我们必须尽可能多地减少排放。迄今为止，气候行动的大部分重点都放在减少排放上，例如通过可再生能源和电动汽车。然而，实现净零排放的途径不仅需要减少化石燃料的排放，还需要将土地变成净碳汇，并推广消除和储存温室气体的新技术。这将需要新的立法为新基础设施和企业的投资铺平道路，预计在30年内每年价值数十亿英镑。这一挑战对技术、商业模式、社会实践和政策都有着深远的影响。与减排行动相比，对GGR的研究、开发和激励力度都要少得多。拟议中的CO2RE中心汇集了具有广泛专业知识的英国领先学者，以协调一套GGR示范项目，以加速该领域的进展。特别是该中心将研究我们如何能够(1)降低技术成本，使GGR在经济上可行；(2)确保行业采用净零排放的概念，以维持和创造就业机会；(3)制定合理的政策激励措施；(4)确保GGR有社会许可（不像水力压裂和核能）；(5)建立对GGR环境可持续性和风险的监管；(6)了解大规模实现GGR所需的条件；(7)确保具备实现这一切所需的技能和知识。在与企业、政府和非政府组织的利益相关者建立广泛的现有联系的基础上，该中心将与参与管理和实施GGR的每个人广泛合作，以确保我们的研究为战略重点提供解决方案。我们还将鼓励从事示范技术的团队负责任地考虑其工作的风险、利益和公众看法，并从一开始就考虑实施的全面环境、社会和经济影响。CO2RE将寻求将英国的GGR社区作为一个整体更紧密地联系在一起，作为英国GGR跨学科研究专业知识的门户。我们将告知并保持对国内和国际最新发展的了解，并与更广泛的公众接触。这样，我们就能够对快速发展的环境做出反应，认识到技术和社会变革不是分开的，而是一起发生的。为了加速和实现有意义的变革，我们将通过与关键决策者和公众的协商来指导，并建立一个100万英镑的灵活基金，以应对在更广泛的英国学术界的帮助下出现的优先事项。最终，我们将帮助英国和世界了解如何负责任地扩大GGR，作为气候行动的一部分，以实现净零排放的雄心。

Observed, Strategic, sustained action is now needed to avoid further negative consequences of climate change and to build a greener, cleaner and fairer future. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change the rise in global temperature is largely driven by total carbon dioxide emissions over time. In order to avoid further global warming, international Governments agreed to work towards a balance between emissions and greenhouse gas removal (GGR), known 'net zero', in the Paris Agreement. In June 2019 the UK committed to reaching net zero emissions by 2050, making it the first G7 country to legislate such a target.Transitioning to net zero means that we will have to remove as many emissions as we produce. Much of the focus of climate action to date has been on reducing emissions, for example through renewable power and electric vehicles. However, pathways to net zero require not just cutting fossil fuel emissions but also turning the land into a net carbon sink and scaling up new technologies to remove and store greenhouse gases. This will require new legislation to pave the way for investment in new infrastructure and businesses expected to be worth billions of pounds a year within 30 years. This challenge has far-reaching implications for technology, business models, social practices and policy. GGR has been much less studied, developed and incentivised than actions to cut emissions. The proposed CO2RE Hub brings together leading UK academics with a wide range of expertise to co-ordinate a suite of GGR demonstration projects to accelerate progress in this area. In particular the Hub will study how we can (1) reduce technology costs so that GGR becomes economically viable; (2) ensure industry adopts the concept of net zero in a way that will maintain and create jobs; (3) put in place sensible policy incentives; (4) make sure there is social license for GGR (unlike fracking or nuclear); (5) set up regulatory oversight of environmental sustainability and risks of GGR; (6) understand what is required to achieve GGR at large scale and (7) guarantee there are the skills and knowledge required for all this to happen. Building on extensive existing links to stakeholders in business, Government and NGOs, the Hub will work extensively with everyone involved in regulating and delivering GGR to ensure our research provides solutions to strategic priorities. We will also encourage the teams working on demonstrator technologies to think responsibly about the risks, benefits and public perceptions of their work and consider the full environmental, social and economic implications of implementation from the outset. CO2RE will seek to bring the GGR community in the UK as a whole closer together, functioning as a gateway to UK inter-disciplinary research expertise on GGR. We will inform, and stay informed, about the latest developments nationally and internationally, and reach out to engage the wider public. In doing so we will be able to respond to a rapidly evolving landscape recognising that technical and social change are not separate, but happen together. To accelerate and achieve meaningful change, we will be guided by consultation with key decision-makers and the general public, and set up a £1m flexible fund to respond to priorities that emerge with the help of the wider UK academic community. Ultimately we will help the UK and the world understand how GGR can be scaled up responsibly as part of climate action to meet the ambition of net zero.