Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Vaccine Responses

描述（由申请人提供）： 酗酒在美国是一个严重的健康问题。尤其如此 在某些人群中，如受MV感染的人群。先前 研究表明，艾滋病毒感染的同性恋者和 双性恋男性比未感染者更为常见。随着艾滋病毒 随着艾滋病在该国的流行，艾滋病毒对人口的影响越来越大 他们滥用多种物质，包括酒精乙醇消耗量为 已知可改变宿主免疫力并抑制宿主对多种 传染源这些传染病中有许多是可以治愈的。 通过接种疫苗预防。令人惊讶的是，急性和慢性的影响 乙醇消耗量对疫苗改变宿主免疫力的能力的影响 进行了系统的研究。巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染是 全世界都很常见。巨细胞病毒也是人类先天性疾病的严重原因 感染和免疫异常个体的感染。比如说， CNW是HIV感染者常见的严重病因 感染由于它在这些情况下引起疾病的能力， 目前对疫苗预防或改变 巨细胞病毒感染的过程。我们已经建立了一个疫苗接种的小鼠模型 来改变对CNW感染的免疫力。我们将利用这个模型来确定 如果急性或慢性乙醇消耗改变CMV的病程， 感染或宿主对疫苗接种的反应。其主要目标是 这项提议是为了检验乙醇消费将改变 宿主对疫苗接种的反应。考虑到这一点， 具体目标1：确定是否为急性或 慢性酒精消耗改变了急性CMV感染的过程。具体 目的2：确定急性或慢性乙醇消耗是否会改变 接种疫苗以改变宿主对MCNW的反应。建议的实验是 旨在探索酒精摄入对急性病毒性肝炎的影响， 感染和对疫苗接种的反应， 系统这些研究将为系统分析 乙醇改变宿主对病毒感染的反应的机制， 病毒疫苗施用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol abuse is a major health problem in the US. This is especially true among certain populations, such as those affected by MV infection. Previous studies demonstrated that ethanol use among HIV infected homosexual and bisexual men is significantly more common than those not infected. As the HIV epidemic in this country evolves, HIV is increasingly affecting populations who abuse a number of substances, including alcohol. Ethanol consumption is known to alter host immunity and suppress host defenses to a number of infectious agents. Many of these infectious diseases are amenable to prevention through vaccination. Surprisingly, the impact of acute and chronic ethanol consumption on the ability of vaccines to alter host immunity has not been systematically studied. Infections due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) are common worldwide. CMV is also a serious cause of human disease in congenital infection and in infection of individuals with abnormal immunity. For example, CNW is a common and serious cause of disease in individuals with HIV infection. Because of its ability to cause disease in these situations, there is currently intense interest in the ability of vaccines to prevent or modify the course of CMV infection. We have developed a murine model of vaccination to modify immunity to CNW infection. We will utilize this model to determine if acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters either the course of CMV infection or the host response to vaccination. The broad objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that ethanol consumption will alter the host response to vaccination. With this in mind, the specific aims of the proposal are the following: Specific Aim 1: To determine whether acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters the course of acute CMV infection. Specific Aim 2: To determine if acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters the ability vaccination to alter the host response for MCNW. The proposed experiments are designed to explore the effects of ethanol consumption on acute viral infection and response to vaccination in a highly defined and reproducible system. These studies will set the stage for a systematic analysis of the mechanisms by which ethanol alters the host responses to viral infection and viral vaccine administration.