UK EO Climate Information Service (UKEO-CIS)

从太空对地观测是利用地球轨道卫星上的传感器来测量地球的状态。地球环境变化的许多重要方面可以从卫星测量中推断出来。例子包括温室气体、温度、陆地和海洋中的植物、火灾及其影响以及空气中的微粒。英国在通过地球观测测量这些和其他环境因素方面享有世界一流的声誉和能力。在这个项目中，英国各地的许多科学家将聚集在一起，在全国范围内努力产生有关环境的及时信息，重点关注与气候有关的方面。这不仅意味着跟踪气候变化，而且还意味着跟踪与实现“净零”有关的信息、适应气候变化的其他想法以及与气候相互作用的影响健康和福祉的因素。该项目将建立一个英国地球观测气候信息服务（UKEO CIS），该服务将及时有效地从太空测量环境，提高生成数据的质量，并将数据汇集在一起，使所有用户尽可能地访问这些数据。这些数据将用于科学研究，支持政策和决策制定，并在商业领域为需要气候信息的企业提供服务。在整个项目中，科学家将与所有这些用户群体进行接触，共同努力，从UKEO CIS中获得最大利益。UKEO CIS将生成的大多数关于气候的数据将是全球性的，利用从太空获得的全球视野。其中一些专注于对英国至关重要的地区——北极、非洲和南极。这些地区与了解海平面上升、环境中的温室气体和粮食安全等气候风险有关。UKEO CIS的一个新重点将是针对英国的更详细的数据，许多“层”的信息能够很容易地汇集在一起。这将成为科学、政策制定和商业的新资源。最后，一些较新形式的数据将在创新研究中得到利用，以展示利用这些数据可以取得的科学进步，从而对气候恢复力产生更深入的见解和可预测性。

Earth observation from space is the use of sensors on satellites orbiting the Earth to measure the state of the planet. Many important aspects of the Earth's varied environments can be deduced from the satellite measurements. Examples include greenhouse gases, temperature, plants on land and in the sea, fire and its effects, and particulates in the air. The UK has a world-class reputation and capability in measuring these and other environmental factors by Earth observation. In this project, many scientists across the UK will be brought together in a national effort to generate timely information about the environment focussing on aspects relevant to climate. This means not only tracking changes in climate, but also information relevant to working towards "net zero", other ideas for adapting to climate change, and factors affecting health and well-being that interact with climate. The project will establish a UK Earth-observation Climate Information Service (UKEO CIS), which will efficiently measure the environment from space in a timely manner, improve the quality of the data being generated, and bring data together to make these as accessible as possible to all users. The data will be used for scientific studies, to support policy and decision making, and in the commercial world for services to businesses that need climate information. Throughout the project, scientists will engage with all these groups of users to work together on achieving the maximum benefit from the UKEO CIS.Most of the data about the climate that UKEO CIS will generate will be global, taking advantage of the worldwide view obtainable from space. Some focus on regions of critical interest for the UK -- the Arctic, Africa and Antarctic. These regions are relevant to understanding climate risks such as sea level rise, greenhouse gases in the environment, and food security. A new focus of the UKEO CIS will be data targeting the UK in greater detail with many 'layers' of information being able to be brought readily together. This will be a new resource for science, policy making and business. Finally, some of the newer forms of data will exploited in innovative studies to demonstrate the scientific progress that can be made with them to bring deeper insight and predictability into climate resilience.