NSFGEO-NERC: After the cataclysm: cryptic degassing and delayed recovery in the wake of Large Igneous Province volcanism

大火成岩省(LIP)火山作用与异常的地幔熔融和巨大的喷发事件有关，这与整个显生界的生命大规模灭绝有关。过去30年来的重大研究使这些事件的极端性质成为人们关注的焦点。但对复苏的性质和速度的控制仍然未知，这是一个新出现的话题，突显了地球系统潜在的转折点和状态转变。在多个显生界嘴唇之后，温室条件出人意料地延长和恢复延迟，突显了对嘴唇岩浆气候强迫过程或全球硅酸盐风化反馈的根本缺乏了解。我们认为，神秘的嘴唇排气和风化作用结合在一起，形成了火山活动主要阶段之后的气候和生命。这项提议将支持一项多学科的努力，包括现场观测；火山活动、气候、风化和古生物群的高分辨率记录；以及数值模拟，以了解地球表面和固体在扰动和恢复期间的共同演化。我们将利用三个强大的自然实验室嘴唇和气候事件，从最年轻和解决得最好的哥伦比亚河玄武岩和中中新世气候最佳；到更大的北大西洋火成岩省，古新世-始新世最热和早期始新世气候最佳；最后到西伯利亚圈闭，灾难性的二叠纪末期大灭绝和早期三叠纪温室。这个项目将支持一个跨学科的联合项目团队，包括两个早期职业生涯PI和在俄勒冈州东北部的持续外展/研究工作，俄勒冈州是哥伦比亚河玄武岩火山的震中和项目实地工作的地点。

Large Igneous Province (LIP) volcanism is associated with extraordinary mantle melting and voluminous eruptive episodes, which have been linked to mass extinctions of life throughout the Phanerozoic.Significant research over the last three decades has brought the extreme nature of these events into focus. But controls on the nature and tempo of recovery, a topic of emerging interest that highlights potential Earth system tipping points and state shifts, remain unknown. Unexpectedly protracted greenhouse conditions and delayed recovery following multiple Phanerozoic LIPs underscore a fundamental lack of understanding, either of LIP magmatic climate forcing processes or global silicate weathering feedbacks. We propose that cryptic LIP outgassing and weathering combine to shape climate and life after the main phase of volcanism. This proposal will support a multi-disciplinary effort combining field observations; high-resolution records of volcanism, climate, weathering, and paleobiota; and numerical modeling to understand co-evolution of solid and surface Earth during perturbation and recovery. We will leverage three powerful natural laboratory LIPs and climate events, building from the youngest and best-resolved, the Columbia River Basalts and Mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum; to the more voluminous North Atlantic Igneous Province, Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, and Early Eocene Climatic Optimum; and finally to the Siberian Traps, catastrophic end-Permian mass extinction, and early Triassic hothouse.This project will support an interdisciplinary joint U.S.-U.K. project team including two early career PIs and a sustained outreach/inreach effort in northeastern Oregon, the epicenter of Columbia River Basalt volcanism and site of project field work.