CREATINE SUPPLEMENT ON BODY COMPOSITION, MUSCLE PERFORMANCE AND MORPHOLOGY

本研究的主要目的是研究肌酸补充剂与抗阻运动训练对肌肉肌酸负荷、身体机能、身体成分和肌肉形态的急性和慢性影响。 本研究将直接量化肌肉中的肌酸浓度，在急性肌酸负荷方案之前、之后立即以及在肌酸补充与高强度阻力训练计划相结合的12周维持期之后。 此外，在短期（急性负荷）和长期（维持）肌酸补充后，将评估性能的几个方面，包括肌肉力量、耐力和力量。 另一个与肌酸补充有关的争议领域是对体重和身体成分的影响。 大多数肌酸研究表明，5-6天的肌酸负荷导致体重增加。 目前尚不清楚体重增加是否是由于瘦体重、全身水分或两者的组合。鉴于时间较短，预期体重增加是由于体内细胞内水增加所致，因为细胞中蛋白质的增加通常发生在较长的时间范围内。然而，这个问题需要进一步调查。 同样，缺乏关于肌酸补充剂对瘦体重和身体水分保留的急性和慢性变化的影响的数据。 总之，这项研究的信息将使我们能够评估个体在急性增加和维持肌肉肌酸储存水平升高的能力方面的差异，以及这与肌肉形态、身体成分、激素浓度和身体表现的关系。

The primary purpose of this investigation is to examine the acute and chronic effects of creatine supplementation in conjunction with resistance exercise training on muscle creatine loading, physical performance body composition and muscle morphology in men. This study will directly quantify creatine concentration in muscle before, immediately following an acute creatine loading regimen, and following a 12 week maintenance phase of creatine supplementation combined with a high intensity resistence training program. Furthermore, several aspects of performance including muscular strength, endurance, and power will be assessed following both short-term (acute loading) and long-term (Maintenance) creatine supplementation. Another controversial area associated with creatine supplementation is the impact on body weight and body composition. Most creatine studies have shown that 5-6 days of creatine loading leads to an increase in body weight. It is unknown whether the increase in body weight is due to lean body mass, total body water, or a combination of both. Given the short timne period it is expected that the increase in body weight is due to an increase in intracellular water in the body since the accretion of protein in cells generally occurs over a longer time frame. However, this issue requires further investigation. Similarly, the data regarding the effect of creatine supplementation on acute and chonic changes in lean body mass and body water retention is lacking. In summary, the information from this study will allow us to evaluate how individuals differ in their ability to acutely increase and maintain elevated levels of muscle creatine stores and how this relates to muscle morphology, body composition, hormonal concentrations and physical performance.