Particle Physics Theory at Royal Holloway and Sussex

这项拟议中的研究联合了苏塞克斯和皇家霍洛威的粒子理论小组，在三个大标题下寻找新的物理学：对撞机和低能现象学大型强子对撞机将基本粒子的速度提升到如此接近光速，以至于它们的有效质量增加了十亿倍。通过将这些粒子碰撞在一起，将会有新的发现，新的物理理论将会得到检验。我们将致力于将这些碰撞的碎片与理论家提出的新模型联系起来的复杂任务，以解释宇宙中一些最令人困惑的问题-质量的起源是什么？有引力的量子理论吗粒子天体物理学和宇宙学也许在过去十年中最活跃的研究领域是粒子物理学和宇宙学之间的界面。为了了解宇宙的历史，我们必须了解大爆炸最初时刻的物理定律，当时温度和粒子能量都很大。相反，通过对今天宇宙的详细观察，我们可以追溯到当时的条件，并对高能下的物理定律进行推论。我们的研究将解决关于宇宙的四大问题：为什么物质比反物质多？什么是暗物质？弦或弦理论有什么证据吗宇宙的膨胀是如何加速的基本力物理学现代理论物理学的主要问题之一是将物理定律外推到新的长度或能量尺度。我们希望将我们的理解推向更极端的情况，例如大型强子对撞机中的粒子碰撞，或者非常早期的宇宙。我们的研究将发展我们的理论工具，并将基本粒子和引力的物理学外推到新的能量体系，以寻求在统一的框架中理解粒子和力。

The proposed research unites the particle theory groups at Sussex and Royal Holloway in the hunt for new physics under three broad headings: Collider and low-energy phenomenology The Large Hadron Collider boosts elementary particles to velocities so close to that of light that their effective mass grows by a factor of a billion. By smashing these particles together there are new discoveries to be made, and new theories of physics to test. We will work on the complex task of relating the debris of these collisions to the new models put forward by theorists to explain some of the most puzzling questions of the universe - what is the origin of mass? and is there a quantum theory of gravity? Particle astrophysics and cosmology Perhaps the most active area of research in the past decade has been at the interface between particle physics and cosmology. In order to understand the history of the universe we must understand physical laws in the first moments of the Big Bang, when temperatures and particle energies were huge. Conversely, by detailed observations of the universe today we can trace back the conditions and make deductions about physical laws at high energies. Our research will tackle four big questions about the universe: why is there more matter than antimatter? what is dark matter? is there any evidence out there for strings or string theory? and how does the expansion of the universe accelerate? Physics of fundamental forces One of the major problems in modern theoretical physics is the extrapolation of physical laws to new length or energy scales. We wish to push our understanding to ever more extreme situations such the collisions of particles in the Large Hadron Collider, or the very early universe. Our research will develop our theoretical tools and extrapolate the physics of elementary particles and gravity to new regimes of energy, in the quest to understand particles and forces in a unified framework.