Bridging Fund for LBNE-UK (Standard Scheme)

近年来，我们从加速器实验中了解到了大量关于难以捉摸的中微子的性质，在加速器实验中，中微子束被发射到数百英里的距离，它们之间罕见的相互作用在大型深地下实验中被检测到。当中微子传播到很远的地方时，它会改变味道，通过研究这些中微子振荡，我们可以了解很多关于它们的本质。下一代长基线中微子振荡实验将解决粒子物理学中最关键的问题之一：中微子区是否违反CP？如果是这样的话，这将是一个突破性的发现，有可能解释宇宙中物质-反物质的不对称性，通过所谓的leptogenesis过程。LBNE是美国旗舰下一代中微子振荡项目。它将从费米实验室向位于南达科他州的大型液态氩（LAr）探测器发射1300公里的中微子束。2012年，LBNE获得美国能源部CD-1批准，临时预算为8.67亿美元，CD-2/CD-3预计将于2017年获得批准，计划于2023年开始数据采集。这一提议是9个月的初始过渡资金，这将使英国能够在这一关键时期保持和建立现有的领导地位，这将使LBNE 35吨原型探测器和MicroBooNE探测器中的第一个中微子束相互作用在2014年首次运行;这些都是迈向完整的LBNE LAr远探测器的重要步骤。

In recent years we have learnt a great deal about the properties of the elusive neutrino from accelerator experiments wherea beam of neutrinos is fired over distances of hundreds of miles and their rare interactions are detected in large deepunderground experiments. As the propagate over large distances neutrinos change flavour and by studying these neutrinooscillations we can learn a lot about their nature. The next generation of long baseline (LBL) neutrino oscillationexperiments will address one of the most crucial questions in particle physics: is CP violated in the neutrino sector? If this isthe case, that it would represent a breakthrough discovery with the potential to explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry inthe Universe through the process called leptogenesis.LBNE is the US flagship next generation neutrino oscillation project. It will send a neutrino beam 1300 km from Fermilabtowards a large Liquid Argon (LAr) detector located in South Dakota. In 2012 LBNE received US DoE CD-1 approval with aprovisional budget of $867M and CD-2/CD-3 approval is expected by 2017, with start of data taking planned for 2023. Thisproposal is for initial bridging funds for 9 months, which will allow the UK to retain and build on existing leadership in thiscrucial period that will see first operations in 2014 of both the LBNE 35 ton prototype detector and the first neutrino beaminteractions in the MicroBooNE detector; these are significant steps towards the full LBNE LAr far detector.