HARASSMENT, GENDER AND DRINKING; AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY

这项针对大学员工队列的持续流行病学研究的目标是：1)描绘性骚扰(SH)和普遍工作场所虐待(GWA)对有害酒精相关结果的长期后果，2)解决最近社会对性骚扰的态度和机构反应的变化(使用客观和自我报告数据)，假设目标积极应对SH的能力变化，以及假设有害饮酒后果的易感性降低，以及3)检查健康、心理健康和法律服务利用在保护SH和GWA目标免受有害酒精相关后果影响方面所起的作用。参与本次研究的受访者(N=2,489)将在第3、4和5波(每波相隔一年)重新进行调查。邮寄问卷将涉及：自第二波数据收集以来卫生和全球妇女的经历，组织对性骚扰的容忍度，其他工作压力源，直接积极应对，回避性应对，社会支持的获取，处理骚扰的工作场所办公室的利用，卫生、心理健康和法律专业服务的使用，服务提供的重点和满意度，症状困扰，酒精的使用和滥用以及其他物质的使用，以及卫生和全球妇女经历的时间和饮酒增加。多种多元统计技术将被用来描述SH/GWA经历随时间的变化及其对饮酒结果的影响，并描绘骚扰和虐待影响有害饮酒行为的不同途径。深入访谈将进一步阐明受访者在直接应对骚扰和虐待以及利用专业服务方面的经验。主要目标是：1)促进防止基于工作的骚扰和虐待；2)找出有助于有效应对的帮助来源，以取代因酗酒和滥用或使用其他物质而造成的痛苦的自我治疗。

Objectives of this continuing epidemiologic study of a university employee cohort are: 1) to delineate longer-term consequences of sexual harassment (SH) and generalized workplace abuse (GWA) on deleterious alcohol-related outcomes, 2) to address recent societal transformations in attitudes and institutional responses to SH (using objective and self-report data), hypothesized changes in targets' abilities to actively cope with SH, and hypothesized decreased vulnerability to deleterious drinking outcomes, and 3) to examine the roles that health, mental health and legal service utilization play in protecting targets of SH and GWA from deleterious alcohol-related outcomes. Respondents (N=2,489) who participated in the current study will be resurveyed at waves 3, 4 and 5 (each one year apart). The mail questionnaires will address: SH and GWA experiences since wave 2 data collection, organizational tolerance of sexual harassment, other work stressors, direct active coping, avoidant coping, the elicitation of social supports, utilization of workplace offices dealing with harassment, use of health, mental health and legal professional services, focus of and satisfaction with service provision, symptomatic distress, alcohol use and abuse and the use of other substances, and the timing of SH/GWA experiences and increases in drinking. A variety of multivariate statistical techniques will be utilized to depict changes over time in SH/GWA experiences and their effect on drinking outcomes, and to depict the varied pathways through which harassment and abuse impact on deleterious drinking behaviors. In-depth interview will further elucidate respondents' experiences in directly coping with harassment and abuse and utilizing professional services. Major goals are 1) to contribute to the prevention of work-based harassment and abuse and, 2) to identify sources of help which promote effective coping in place of the self-medication of distress through alcohol use and abuse or the use of other substances.