MATERNAL INFLUENCES ON CHILDHOOD ASTHMA

这个项目的目的是调查母体 孕期过敏状态和婴儿免疫特征， 在生命的早期，与随后的标志物的发展有关 儿童患哮喘的风险。该项目的具体目标是：1) 研究过敏母亲可能通过何种机制增加 发生与哮喘相关的过敏性倾向的可能性 在他们的孩子中；2)表征以下免疫反应 与变态反应相关的病毒性下呼吸道疾病(LRIS) 婴儿的易感性；以及3)确定与婴儿的关系 婴幼儿出生时过敏倾向与免疫反应的关系 以期为后续制定哮喘免疫系统标志物的风险。 该应用假设T辅助细胞(Th2)歪斜(AS 由刺激产生的IL-4和IL-5升高来表示 外周血单个核细胞)将至少通过 年龄为三岁的儿童：a)母亲患有活动性过敏 妊娠期鼻炎或Th2细胞因子谱；b)有Th2谱 早年出现喘息症状；或c)早早发育 对霉菌交链格孢菌的敏化作用。这个项目将招收四名学生 100名妇女，其中一半患有医生诊断的过敏性鼻炎 怀孕晚期，并跟踪他们的婴儿从出生到出生 生命的头五年。所考虑的主要结果将 免疫系统功能的指示物(来自有丝分裂原的细胞因子谱- 刺激的PBMC，血清总IgE水平，变应原特异性IgE水平， 皮试反应性)在儿童出生时、一岁、三岁时 还有五年。类似的免疫系统功能测试将会是 对母亲和父亲进行了调查，并获得了关于 呼吸道症状。血液将在第一次取血时获得 医生诊断的LRI，以评估细胞因子反应。向以下对象致歉 呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)将在12个月后获得 年龄。免疫系统标记物对急性心肌梗塞风险的综合评价 哮喘将在五岁时进行。这是他的计划的目的 为疾病的发展提供免疫学根源的知识 儿童哮喘，可以从这些个体中识别出谁是哮喘患者 干预可能是至关重要的；此外，它的目的是 信息将有助于制定有效和具体的 哮喘一级预防策略。

This project is designed to investigate the mechanisms whereby maternal allergic status during pregnancy and infant immune characteristics, early in life, are associated with the subsequent development of markers of asthma risk in children. The Specific Aims of the project are 1) to investigate mechanisms by which allergic mothers may increase the likelihood of development of an asthma-related allergic predisposition in their children; 2) to characterize the immunologic response following viral lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRIs) in relation to allergic predisposition of the infant; and 3) to determine the relation of the infant's allergic predisposition at birth and immune response with LRIs to the subsequent development of immune system markers of asthma risk. The application hypothesize that a T helper cell (Th2) skew (as indicated by elevated production of IL-4 and IL-5 from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells PBMCs) will be observed at least by age three years in children who: a) have mothers with active allergic rhinitis or Th2 cytokine profiles in pregnancy; b) have Th2 profiles early in life and develop wheezing LRIs; or c) develop early sensitization to the mold Alternaria. The project will enroll four hundred women, half with physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis, in the third trimester of pregnancy and follow their infants from birth through the first five years of life. The principal outcomes considered will be indicators of immune system function (cytokine profiles from mitogen- stimulated PBMCs, total serum IgE levels, allergen-specific IgE levels, skin test reactivity) in the children at birth, one year, three years and five years. Similar tests of immune system function will be conducted on both the mother and father, and data obtained regarding respiratory symptoms. Blood will be obtained at the time of the first physician-diagnosed LRI, to assess the cytokine response. Serologies to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) will be obtained at twelve months of age. A comprehensive evaluation of immune system markers for risk of asthma will be conducted at age five. It is the intent of his project to provide knowledge of the immunological roots for the development of asthma in childhood, from which individuals might be identified for whom intervention might be critical; furthermore, it is intended that this information will assist in the development of effective and specific strategies for primary prevention of asthma.