THEORY OF MIND DEFICITS IN ADULT STROKE PATIENTS

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）：拟议的 研究探讨了沟通问题的性质， 大脑半球（RHD）和前额叶损伤（PFD）患者。 这些患者 众所周知，群体表现出话语困难。 成功 沟通依赖于理解他人的观点、信仰和 动机 调查人员先前的工作表明， 病人在确定一个人相信什么方面有问题， 另一个人的信念（心理理论缺陷），并倾向于避免 内部特质解释行为，而外部解释更有利 （归因缺陷）。 这项研究将（1）检查患者的 在更复杂的任务上的思维理论和归因缺陷 （2）确定赤字是具体的还是部分的， 在中央协调和/或执行职能方面存在更广泛的缺陷。 中央一致性缺陷可能导致心智化/内化缺陷 因为心理理论和归因任务要求人们 根据不同的信息推断他人。 执行功能缺陷可能会导致这些任务的困难， 这些任务要求根据推断或假设的状态作出响应 而不是具体的、可观察的现实。 将测试中心一致性 通过阅读理解测试;执行功能通过 河内塔任务。 此外，控制任务将用于比较 病人的能力，使精神推理与他们的能力， 做物理的。 如果心理化/内化的问题是具体的， 患者应该在控制任务中表现得更好。 如果他们是一般的， 患者在测试和控制任务中表现不佳。 拟议 框架将有助于澄清社会和沟通的性质 已知影响RHD和PFD患者的缺陷。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Investigator's Abstract): The proposed research investigates the nature of communication problems in right hemisphere (RHD) and prefrontal damaged (PFD) patients. These patient groups are known to exhibit difficulty with discourse. Successful communication rests on understanding others' perspectives, beliefs and motivations. the investigators' previous work suggests that other RHD patients have problems in determining what one's person believes about another person's beliefs (theory of mind deficits) and tend to avoid internal trait accounts for behavior in favor of external explanations (attribution deficits). The proposed research will (1) examine patients' theory of mind and attribution deficits on more complex tasks than we have used so far, and (2) determine whether the deficit is specific or part of a broader deficit in either central coherence and/or executive function. Central coherence deficits could lead to mentalizing/internalizing deficits because theory of mind and attribution tasks require that one make inferences about others on the basis of disparate pieces of information. Executive function deficits could lead to difficulties on such tasks because the tasks require responding on the basis of inferred or hypothetical states rather than concrete, observable reality. Central coherence will be tested by means of a reading comprehension test; executive function by means of the Tower of Hanoi task. In addition, control tasks will be used to compare patients' abilities to make mentalistic inferences with their abilities to make physical ones. If problems in mentalizing/internalizing are specific, patients should perform better on control tasks. If they are general, patients should perform poorly on both test and control tasks. The proposed framework will help clarify the nature of the social and communication deficits known to affect RHD and PFD patients.