COMMUNITY PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS FOR URBAN DEMOLITION

描述(摘自申请人的摘要) 作为正在进行的城市重建努力的一部分，美国老龄化的城市正在被夷为平地 老龄化社区中数以千计的被遗弃和废弃的房屋。巴尔的摩, 例如，发起了一项运动，拆除22,000个空置、老化和 到2008年，排屋的状况会越来越差。这样的住房很可能包含 多种环境危害，包括含铅油漆和粉尘， 石棉、老鼠、蟑螂、过敏原和霉菌。拆迁活动可以 由于多种疾病的分散，增加了对人类健康的风险 与住房相关的危害进入周围环境，包括邻近的 房屋、街道、人行道、庭院、花园和学校。在…的过程中 他们正在对拆除过程中铅的命运进行研究，巴尔的摩居民 少数族裔和低收入社区的人表达了对危险的担忧 通常的拆迁做法。这些担忧包括控制不力。 灰尘、啮齿动物、昆虫、废水、公众获得的拆迁 网站，以及缺乏事先通知和教育/安全信息 居民。这项正在进行的研究的初步结果表明，通常 拆除做法与粉尘中铅含量的增加有关 在拆迁现场附近，值得注意的是，城市重建活动 往往在缺乏知识和理解如何解决问题的情况下进行 并防止人类暴露在与住房相关的多种健康危害中。他们的 研究目标是开发适合文化的、以社区为基础的预防 干预措施经过现场测试，然后纳入城市 少数族裔和低收入社区的重建活动，以改善 预防和控制与环境有关的疾病，并加强 环境正义。具体目标是：(1)发展，投入来自 社区组织、卫生和住房机构以及公共卫生 专家们，在房屋和街区层面采取的一揽子预防干预措施 控制暴露于可能产生的多种环境危害 通过住宅拆迁和；(2)评估 以纵场研究为基础的干预方案 计划拆除的两个城市街区包括测量铅和 入口处垫尘中的过敏原(蟑螂和老鼠)；及(3)评估 通过在家中进行的社区接受程度和满意度 采访。

DESCRIPTION (Taken from the Applicant's Abstract) As part of ongoing urban redevelopment efforts, aging U.S. cities are razing thousands of abandoned and derelict houses in aging neighborhoods. Baltimore, for example, has initiated a campaign to demolish 22,000 vacant, aging and deteriorating row houses by the year 2008. Such housing is likely to contain multiple environmental hazards, including lead-containing paint and dust, asbestos, rats, cockroaches, allergens and molds. Demolition activities can increase risks to human health as a result of the dispersion of multiple housing-related hazards into the ambient environment including neighboring houses, streets, sidewalks, yards, gardens and schools. During the course of their ongoing study of the fate of lead during demolition, Baltimore residents of minority and low-income neighborhoods expressed concerns about the hazards of usual demolition practices. Such concerns have included inadequate control of dust, rodents, insects, waste water, the public's access to the demolition site, and a lack of advance notice and educational/safety information to residents. Preliminary results from this ongoing study indicate that usual demolition practices are associated with increased lead levels in dust fall near the demolition site and that, remarkably, urban redevelopment activities are often undertaken with little knowledge and understanding of how to address and prevent human exposures to multiple housing-related health hazards. Their research goal is to develop culturally appropriate, community-based prevention interventions which are field tested and then incorporated into urban redevelopment activities in minority and low-income communities to improve the prevention and control of environmentally-related diseases and to enhance environmental justice. Specific aims are: (1) to develop, with input from community organizations, health and housing agencies, and public health experts, a package of preventive interventions at the house and block level to control exposure to the multiple environmental hazards potentially generated by residential demolition and; (2) to assess the costs and effectiveness of the intervention package by conducting longitudinal field based research on two city blocks slated for demolition which includes measurement of lead and allergens (cockroach and mouse) in entryway mat dust; and (3) to assess the level of community acceptance and satisfaction by conducting in-home interviews.