Accelerated introgression of host plant resistance to carrot rust fly into elite carrot varieties by means of modern techniques for resistance

本项目的目的是开发新的技术来鉴定和评估胡萝卜中持久的寄主植物对胡萝卜蝇抗性的潜在来源，并利用它们来评估一系列来源。在缺乏有效防治措施的情况下，胡萝卜蝇对作物造成的损失可达50%以上。有效和持久的寄主植物抗性形式将提高作物生产力，满足新的和现有的欧盟农药法规，并减少对环境的影响。目前，英国胡萝卜蝇主要采用广谱杀虫剂进行防治。已经有证据表明对胡萝卜蝇具有部分多基因抗性，这已被纳入少数品种。然而，这种抗性不足以对减少农药使用作出重大贡献。在这个项目中，华威大学将开发技术，以鉴定和评估野生物种、遗产品种和现有育种品系中寄主植物对胡萝卜蝇的抗性来源，并开发高通量表型筛选。Rijk Zwaan将开发一种不受野外季节变化影响的耐药性实验室测试。他们还将在一个抗性品种和一个敏感品种之间开发一个分离的f2群体，以便能够找到抗性性状的分子标记，他们将研究结合不同的定量抗性机制以获得更高水平抗性的可能性。该项目的创新部分包括可靠的高通量胡萝卜蝇抗性筛选，分离不同抗性成分的实验技术，抗性性状标记的开发以及在实验室筛选幼株的可靠方法。

The aim of this project is to develop new techniques for identifying and evaluating potential sources of durable host plant resistance to carrot fly in carrot and to use them to evaluate a range of sources. In the absence of effective control methods, crop losses to carrot fly can be >50%. Effective and durable forms of host plant resistance will enhance crop productivity, meeting new and existing EU pesticide regulations and reducing environmental impact. At present, UK carrot fly is controlled with broad spectrum insecticides. There is already evidence of polygenic partial resistance to carrot fly and this has been incorporated into a small number of varieties. However, this resistance is insufficient to make a major contribution to a reduction in pesticide use. In this project Warwick University will develop techniques to identify and evaluate sources of host plant resistance to carrot fly in wild species, heritage varieties and existing breeding lines and develop a high-throughput phenotype screen. Rijk Zwaan will develop a laboratory test for resistance, independent of seasonal variations in the open field. They will also develop a segregating F2-population between a resistant and a susceptible variety to be able to find molecular markers for resistance traits and they will investigate possibilities for combining different mechanisms of quantitative resistance to obtain an even higher level of resistance. Innovative components of the project include a reliable high-throughput screen for resistance to carrot fly, experimental techniques to separate different components of resistance, development of markers for resistance traits and a reliable method of screening young plants in the laboratory.