Vagrancy and Poverty in the Post-Emancipation Anglophone Caribbean, 1834-1900

这个合作博士项目将研究在大英帝国废除奴隶制的同时，英国通过了《济贫法修正案》（1834年），并在1824年通过《流浪法》对英国流浪法进行实质性修订后不久，以英语为中心的加勒比地区流浪法和穷人救济的发展。这些发展与自由市场中自我维持的自由主义思想的转变有着深刻的联系，但它们之间的关系尚未得到研究。该项目将通过审查加勒比解放后殖民地（1834- 18c年）有关流浪和救济穷人的立法的发展和执行情况，把这两个领域结合起来。1900)。正如英国政府所设想的那样，建立新的法律形式的统治是从奴隶制向自由劳动转变的核心。解放之后，加勒比地区通过的法律包括《流浪法》、《济贫法》和规范城市空间使用的法律，如1843年首次通过的《牙买加城镇和社区法》，至今仍在生效。这项立法是在英国法律迅速发展的同时通过的，通过1824年的《流浪法》、1834年的《济贫法修正案》等相关立法。然而，这一时期的加勒比立法研究相对较少，其与英国立法的关系几乎没有考虑。该博士奖将允许成功的候选人在今天加勒比国家的关键因素建立的时期进行重要的研究。该研究将解决重要的实证和分析问题。在经验上，通过整理和比较较大的英属加勒比殖民地（牙买加、特立尼达[1889年后的特立尼达和多巴哥]、巴巴多斯和英属圭亚那）在流浪、济贫法和公共空间控制等核心领域的立法；并在其中两个被选为案例研究的殖民地调查这项立法的实施情况。在分析上，重点将放在确定立法的政治和文化意义上，其实施和对其实施的反应在多大程度上塑造了身份，以及它与英国同等立法的异同。加勒比的殖民和种族化地位及其奴隶制历史对政治和法律上对贫困和流浪的理解有多大影响？立法及其实施是如何与其他变化领域发展的，如新经济活动的兴起，以及许多殖民地从立法殖民地向直辖殖民地的转变？立法在多大程度上遵循了英国的政策，在多大程度上回应了当地的情况和关切？

This collaborative PhD project will investigate the development of vagrancy law and poor relief in the Anglophone Caribbean in the years after the endThe abolition of slavery in the British Empire coincided exactly with England's adoption of the Poor Law Amendment Act (1834), and followed soon after the substantial revision to English Vagrancy law through the Vagrancy Act of 1824. These developments have deep connections as part of a shift towards liberal ideas of the self-sustaining individual within a free market but have not been researched in relation to one another. This project will bring the two fields together by examining the development of and implementation of legislation relating to vagrancy and poor relief in the post-emancipation Caribbean colonies (1834-c. 1900).The creation of new legal forms of rule was at the heart of the change from slavery to free labour, as it was envisaged by the British government. Laws passed across the Caribbean region in the wake of emancipation included Vagrancy Acts, Poor Laws, and laws that regulated the use of urban space such as Jamaica's Towns and Communities Act, first passed in 1843, and still in force today. This legislation was passed at the same time as law in Britain rapidly developed, through the Vagrancy Act of 1824, the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834, and related legislation. However, the Caribbean legislation in this period has been relatively little studied, and its relationship to British legislation has hardly been considered at all. This Doctoral Award will allow the successful candidate to undertake significant research in the period during which the critical elements of today's Caribbean states were established.The research will address important empirical and analytic questions. Empirically, by collating and comparing legislation in the core areas of vagrancy, poor law, and control of public space in the larger British Caribbean colonies (Jamaica, Trinidad [Trinidad and Tobago after 1889], Barbados, and British Guiana); and investigating the implementation of this legislation in two of these colonies chosen as case studies. Analytically, the focus will be on identifying the political and cultural significance of the legislation, the extent to which its implementation and responses to its implementation shaped identities, and its similarities and differences to equivalent legislation in Britain. How much did the Caribbean's colonial and racialized status and its history of slavery affect political and legal understandings of poverty and vagrancy? How did legislation and its implementation develop in relation to other areas of change such as the rise of new economic activities, and the shift in many colonies from legislative to Crown colonies? To what extent did legislation follow British policy, and how far did it respond to local conditions and concerns?