Understanding the effects of lighting upon the appearance of fabrics.

目前，洗衣制剂使用荧光增白剂以使在其中洗涤的织物呈现更亮和更好平衡的白色。这些工作原理是从太阳光中吸收紫外线，用于人工照明，并通过光谱的蓝色部分的荧光重新发射吸收的能量，以对抗变黄或“昏暗”的织物。另一种产生这种效果的方法是在衣物中加入“调色染料”，如“利洁时蓝袋”。这种较老的技术（世纪中期）通过吸收光谱中红色和绿色部分的光来影响织物的感知颜色，使物体恢复白色色彩平衡，但使其不那么明亮。现代照明技术正趋向于远离产生UV的荧光照明，而趋向于使用白色LED技术。这些新光源不产生紫外线辐射，因此除非在室内，否则将呈现光学增亮剂。这项工作将研究的基本选择，发射和散射性能的织物和代理，可用于改变其外观在各种照明方案下，以改善感知颜色的洗涤衣物在各种照明条件下。

Currently laundry formulations employ optical brighteners in order to make the fabrics washed in them appear a brighter and better balanced white. These work by absorbing UV light from either sunlight for artificial lighting, and re-emitting this absorbed energy by fluorescence in the blue portion of the spectrum, countering the yellowing or 'dingy' fabrics. An alternative way of bringing about this effect is to add a 'hueing dye' to the laundry, such as 'Reckitts Blue Bags. This older technology (mid 19th century) affects the perceived colour of a fabric by absorbing light in the red and green portions of the spectrum, restoring the white colour balance to the object, but making it less bright. Modern lighting technology is tending away from UV-generating fluorescent lighting, and towards the use of white LED technologies. These new light sources produce no UV radiation and hence will render the optical brighteners unless indoors. This work will examine the fundamental absoroption, emission and scattering properties of fabrics and the agents that may be used to change their appearance under various lighting scenarios, with a view to improving the perceived colour of laundered clothing under a variety of lighting conditions.